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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 28, 2026

OR
 TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ................................ to ...............................................

Commission File Number 001-36267

BLUE BIRD CORPORATION
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


Delaware                         46-3891989
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)                (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

        
3920 Arkwright Road, 2nd Floor, Macon, Georgia 31210
(Address of principal executive offices and zip code)

(478) 822-2801
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $0.0001 par valueBLBDNASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
Yes No
    

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large accelerated filer
Accelerated Filer
Non-accelerated filer Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.
    
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No

At May 1, 2026, 31,646,589 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.0001 par value, and 1 share of the registrant's preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, having voting rights equivalent to 2,702,180 shares of the registrant's common stock, were outstanding. The preferred stock was issued in connection with an acquisition that closed on April 1, 2026. See Note 13 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) included in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report for a more detailed discussion of this transaction.



BLUE BIRD CORPORATION
FORM 10-Q

TABLE OF CONTENTS







PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)

BLUE BIRD CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
(in thousands of dollars, except for share data)March 28, 2026September 27, 2025
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$275,893 $229,313 
Accounts receivable, net12,940 20,650 
Inventories144,765 139,470 
Other current assets32,969 22,195 
Total current assets$466,567 $411,628 
Property, plant and equipment, net$117,868 $108,541 
Goodwill18,825 18,825 
Intangible assets, net40,750 41,685 
Equity investment in affiliates
39,204 35,197 
Deferred tax assets— 2,697 
Pension
4,664 4,889 
Other assets1,486 1,793 
Total assets$689,364 $625,255 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$127,124 $151,479 
Warranty7,235 7,494 
Accrued expenses53,752 55,164 
Deferred warranty income12,015 11,329 
Other current liabilities49,156 6,333 
Current portion of long-term debt5,000 5,000 
Total current liabilities$254,282 $236,799 
Long-term liabilities
Revolving credit facility$— $— 
Long-term debt82,982 85,324 
Warranty9,540 9,681 
Deferred warranty income23,292 22,368 
Deferred tax liabilities8,189 5,439 
Other liabilities13,151 10,229 
Total long-term liabilities$137,154 $133,041 
Guarantees, commitments and contingencies (Note 6)
Stockholders' equity
Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, 0 shares issued and outstanding at March 28, 2026 and September 27, 2025
$— $— 
Common stock, $0.0001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, 31,646,589 and 31,884,721 shares issued and outstanding at March 28, 2026 and September 27, 2025, respectively
Additional paid-in capital197,690 195,466 
Retained earnings
128,302 88,193 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(28,067)(28,247)
Total stockholders' equity$297,928 $255,415 
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity$689,364 $625,255 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
2


BLUE BIRD CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars except for share data)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Net sales$352,635 $358,851 $685,719 $672,723 
Cost of goods sold281,988 287,997 543,843 541,552 
Gross profit$70,647 $70,854 $141,876 $131,171 
Operating expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses31,529 37,143 65,081 64,418 
Operating profit
$39,118 $33,711 $76,795 $66,753 
Interest expense(1,545)(1,813)(3,111)(3,728)
Interest income1,929 1,258 3,910 2,826 
Other (expense) income, net
(2,922)444 (3,133)3,360 
Income before income taxes
$36,580 $33,600 $74,461 $69,211 
Income tax expense
(9,102)(9,129)(18,221)(17,822)
Equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates
1,823 1,575 3,817 3,379 
Net income
$29,301 $26,046 $60,057 $54,768 
Earnings per share:
Basic weighted average shares outstanding31,629,376 31,917,407 31,703,272 32,072,354 
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding32,430,122 32,885,993 32,558,241 33,152,066 
Basic earnings per share
$0.93 $0.82 $1.89 $1.71 
Diluted earnings per share
$0.90 $0.79 $1.84 $1.65 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

3


BLUE BIRD CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Net income
$29,301 $26,046 $60,057 $54,768 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:
Net change in defined benefit pension plan90 52 180 105 
Total other comprehensive income$90 $52 $180 $105 
Comprehensive income
$29,391 $26,098 $60,237 $54,873 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.

4


BLUE BIRD CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
Six Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income$60,057 $54,768 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense8,045 7,710 
Non-cash interest expense158 167 
Share-based compensation expense4,027 9,940 
Equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates(3,817)(3,379)
Loss on disposal of fixed assets51 285 
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)
5,390 (3,962)
Amortization of deferred actuarial pension losses236 139 
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable7,710 43,313 
Inventories(5,295)(36,034)
Other assets(10,241)(10,955)
Accounts payable(25,101)9,929 
Accrued expenses, pension and other liabilities43,120 (17,741)
Total adjustments$24,283 $(588)
Total cash provided by operating activities$84,340 $54,180 
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash paid for fixed assets$(13,319)$(13,616)
Equity investment in affiliates (Note 11)
(190)(500)
Total cash used in investing activities$(13,509)$(14,116)
Cash flows from financing activities
Term loan repayments
$(2,500)$(2,500)
Principal payments on finance leases— (604)
Repurchase of common stock in connection with repurchase programs (Note 12)(19,948)(30,053)
Repurchase of common stock in connection with stock award exercises(2,574)(4,412)
Cash received from stock option exercises771 567 
Total cash used in financing activities$(24,251)$(37,002)
Change in cash and cash equivalents
46,580 3,062 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
229,313 127,687 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$275,893 $130,749 
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information
Cash paid or received during the period:
Interest paid
$2,993 $4,048 
Interest received
(3,926)(2,761)
Income tax paid, net of tax refunds
7,360 30,695 
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Changes in accounts payable for capital additions to property, plant and equipment$2,873 $2,521 
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations3,713 — 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
5


BLUE BIRD CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars, except for share data)Common StockConvertible Preferred StockTreasury Stock
 SharesPar ValueAdditional Paid-In-CapitalSharesAmountAccumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Retained Earnings
SharesAmount
Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance, December 27, 202531,679,557 $$195,532 — $— $(28,157)$103,990 — $— $271,368 
Restricted stock activity14,015 — (197)— — — — — — (197)
Stock option activity54,687 — 685 — — — — — — 685 
Share-based compensation expense— — 1,670 — — — — — — 1,670 
Share repurchases (Note 12)
(101,670)— — — — — (4,989)— — (4,989)
Net income— — — — — — 29,301 — — 29,301 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — — — 90 — — — 90 
Balance, March 28, 202631,646,589 $$197,690 — $— $(28,067)$128,302 — $— $297,928 
Balance, December 28, 202432,111,078 $$187,379 — $— $(26,363)$18,686 — $— $179,705 
Restricted stock activity111,432 — (2,966)— — — — — — (2,966)
Stock option activity10,845 — 182 — — — — — — 182 
Share-based compensation expense— — 7,390 — — — — — — 7,390 
Share repurchases (Note 12)
(559,352)— — — — — (20,017)— — (20,017)
Net income— — — — — — 26,046 — — 26,046 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — — — 52 — — — 52 
Balance, March 29, 202531,674,003 $$191,985 — $— $(26,311)$24,715 — $— $190,392 

6


Six Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars, except for share data)Common StockConvertible Preferred StockTreasury Stock
 SharesPar ValueAdditional Paid-In-CapitalSharesAmountAccumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Retained Earnings
SharesAmount
Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance, September 27, 202531,884,721 $$195,466 — $— $(28,247)$88,193 — $— $255,415 
Restricted stock activity92,593 — (2,574)— — — — — — (2,574)
Stock option activity61,693 — 771 — — — — — — 771 
Share-based compensation expense— — 4,027 — — — — — — 4,027 
Share repurchases (Note 12)
(392,418)— — — — — (19,948)— — (19,948)
Net income— — — — — — 60,057 — — 60,057 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax— — — — — 180 — — — 180 
Balance, March 28, 202631,646,589 $$197,690 — $— $(28,067)$128,302 — $— $297,928 
Balance, September 28, 202432,268,022 $$185,977 — $— $(26,416)$— — $— $159,564 
Restricted stock activity168,852 (4,412)(4,412)
Stock option activity39,931 567 567 
Share-based compensation expense9,853 9,853 
Share repurchases (Note 12)
(802,802)(30,053)(30,053)
Net income54,768 54,768 
Other comprehensive income, net of tax105 105 
Balance, March 29, 202531,674,003 $$191,985 — $— $(26,311)$24,715 — $— $190,392 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
7


BLUE BIRD CORPORATION
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

1. Nature of Business and Basis of Presentation

Nature of Business

Blue Bird Body Company ("BBBC"), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Blue Bird Corporation, was incorporated in 1958 and has manufactured, assembled and sold school buses to a variety of municipal, federal and commercial customers since 1927. The majority of BBBC’s sales are made to an independent dealer network, which in turn sells buses to ultimate end users. References in these notes to condensed consolidated financial statements to “Blue Bird,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us” relate to Blue Bird Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, unless the context specifically indicates otherwise. We are headquartered in Macon, Georgia.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant inter-company transactions and accounts have been eliminated in consolidation.

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial reporting and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The Company’s fiscal year ends on the Saturday closest to September 30 with its quarters consisting of thirteen weeks in most years. The fiscal years ending October 3, 2026 ("fiscal 2026") and ended September 27, 2025 ("fiscal 2025") consist or consisted of 53 and 52 weeks, respectively. The second quarters of fiscal 2026 and fiscal 2025 both included 13 weeks. The six month periods in fiscal 2026 and 2025 both included 26 weeks.

In the opinion of management, all adjustments considered necessary for a fair presentation of financial results have been made. Such adjustments consist of only those of a normal recurring nature. Operating results for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the entire year. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.

The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet data as of September 27, 2025 was derived from the Company’s audited financial statements but does not include all disclosures required by U.S. GAAP. For additional information, including the Company’s significant accounting policies, refer to the consolidated financial statements and related footnotes as of and for the fiscal year ended September 27, 2025 as set forth in the Company's fiscal 2025 Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") on November 24, 2025.

Business Update

The global automotive industry supply chain constraints that arose subsequent to the novel coronavirus pandemic known as "COVID-19" and that were further exacerbated by additional stress resulting from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 continued to impact our business and operations during the first half of both fiscal 2025 and 2026. Specifically, they continued to result in higher purchasing costs to procure the raw materials inventory needed to produce buses. Additionally, there were still occasional shortages of certain critical components that limited the number and/or mix of school buses that we could produce and sell. Nonetheless, ongoing improvements in manufacturing operations over the past several years have resulted in the consistent production of buses to fulfill sales orders during these same periods.

In addition to periodic inventory shortages and general inflationary pressures resulting from the global supply chain constraints discussed above, changes in trade policies and tariffs began to impact our business and operations in the second half of fiscal 2025 and continuing into the first half of fiscal 2026 by increasing our procurement costs for certain imported inventory.

However, the higher inventory purchase costs that we incurred in producing and selling buses during the first half of fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2026 resulting from the above factors, as applicable, did not negatively impact our operating results or cash flows during these periods as such impacts were largely offset by proactive increases in the sales prices we charged for our products.

Significant uncertainty still exists concerning the magnitude and duration of the ongoing (i) supply chain constraints and (ii) changes in governmental policies, programs, regulations and/or laws and accordingly, precludes any prediction as to the ultimate severity of the adverse impacts on our business, financial condition, results of operations, and liquidity.

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Use of Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions. At the date of the financial statements, these estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities, and during the reporting period, these estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. For example, significant management judgments are required in determining excess, obsolete, or unsalable inventory; the allowance for doubtful accounts; potential impairment of long-lived assets, goodwill and intangible assets; and the accounting for self-insurance reserves, warranty reserves, pension obligations, income taxes, environmental liabilities and contingencies. Future events, including the extent and duration of continued supply chain constraints and their related economic impacts, and their effects cannot be predicted with certainty, and, accordingly, the Company’s accounting estimates require the exercise of judgment. The accounting estimates used in the preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements may change as new events occur, as more experience is acquired, as additional information is obtained and as the Company’s operating environment changes. The Company evaluates and updates its assumptions and estimates on an ongoing basis and may employ outside experts to assist in the Company’s evaluations. Actual results could differ from the estimates that the Company has used.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Recently Issued Accounting Standards

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in the consolidated financial statements included in the Company’s fiscal 2025 Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on November 24, 2025. Our senior management has reviewed these significant accounting policies and related disclosures and determined that there were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies in the six months ended March 28, 2026.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

ASU 2023-09 On December 14, 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which requires entities to disclose more detailed information in their reconciliation of their statutory tax rate to their effective tax rate. Public business entities ("PBEs") are required to provide this incremental detail in a numerical, tabular format. The ASU also requires entities to disclose more detailed information about income taxes paid, including by jurisdiction; pretax income (or loss) from continuing operations; and income tax expense (or benefit). The ASU is effective for PBEs in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted.

ASUs 2024-03 & 2025-01 On November 4, 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires PBEs to disclose disaggregated information about certain income statement expense line items. On January 6, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income — Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date, to clarify the effective date of ASU 2024-03, which is for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027.

The new ASUs will not impact amounts recorded in the financial statements but instead, will require more detailed disclosures in the footnotes to the financial statements. The Company plans to provide the updated disclosures required by the ASUs in the periods in which they are effective.

Any recently issued accounting standards not identified above do not apply to the Company or the impact is expected to be immaterial.

3. Supplemental Financial Information

Inventories

The following table presents the components of inventories at the dates indicated:
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026September 27, 2025
Raw materials$88,614 $81,262 
Work in process38,932 42,838 
Finished goods17,219 15,370 
Total inventories$144,765 $139,470 
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Product Warranties

The following table reflects activity in accrued warranty cost (current and long-term portions combined) for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Balance at beginning of period$16,800 $16,127 $17,175 $16,179 
Add current period accruals2,346 2,698 4,997 5,236 
Current period reductions of accrual(2,371)(2,480)(5,397)(5,070)
Balance at end of period$16,775 $16,345 $16,775 $16,345 
Extended Warranties
The following table reflects activity in deferred warranty income (current and long-term portions combined), for the sale of extended warranties of two to five years, for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Balance at beginning of period$34,525 $29,559 $33,697 $27,962 
Add current period deferred income3,611 3,337 7,389 7,266 
Current period recognition of income(2,829)(2,448)(5,779)(4,780)
Balance at end of period$35,307 $30,448 $35,307 $30,448 

The outstanding balance of deferred warranty income in the table above is considered a "contract liability," and represents a performance obligation of the Company that we satisfy over the term of the arrangement but for which we have been paid in full at the time the warranty was sold. We expect to recognize $6.3 million of the outstanding contract liability during the remainder of fiscal 2026, $10.7 million in the fiscal year ending October 2, 2027, and the remaining balance thereafter.

Other Current Liabilities

The balance in other current liabilities as of March 28, 2026 includes approximately $42.8 million of deferred income resulting from an advanced deposit made by a customer for a large order of electric school buses. The Company expects to recognize the vast majority of this amount as revenue during the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2026 as the underlying buses are produced and delivered. There were no material amounts of deferred income reflected within the other current liabilities balance as of September 27, 2025.

Self-Insurance

The following table reflects our total accrued self-insurance liability, comprised of workers' compensation and health insurance related claims, at the dates indicated:
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026September 27, 2025
Current portion$5,639 $4,979 
Long-term portion1,710 2,097 
Total accrued self-insurance$7,349 $7,076 

The current and long-term portions of the accrued self-insurance liability are reflected in accrued expenses and other liabilities, respectively, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Shipping and Handling Revenues

Shipping and handling revenues were $4.6 million and $5.2 million for the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, and $9.7 million and $10.3 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively. The related cost of goods sold was $4.1 million and $4.7 million for the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, and $8.8 million and $9.3 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively.


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Pension Expense (Income)

Components of net periodic pension benefit expense (income) were as follows for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Interest cost$716 $1,312 $1,432 $2,624 
Expected return on plan assets(604)(1,819)(1,208)(3,638)
Amortization of prior loss118 69 236 139 
Net periodic pension benefit expense (income)
$230 $(438)$460 $(875)
Amortization of prior loss, recognized in other comprehensive income(118)(69)(236)(139)
Total recognized in net periodic pension benefit expense (income) and other comprehensive income
$112 $(507)$224 $(1,014)

4. Debt

Term loan borrowings consisted of the following at the dates indicated:

(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026September 27, 2025
Term loan borrowings, net of deferred financing costs of $768 and $926, respectively
$87,982 $90,324 
Less: current portion of long-term debt5,000 5,000 
Long-term debt, net of current portion$82,982 $85,324 

Term loan borrowings are recognized on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at the unpaid principal balance, and are not subject to fair value measurement; however, given the variable rates on the loans that reset frequently, the Company estimates that the unpaid principal balance approximates fair value. If measured at fair value in the financial statements, the term loans would be classified as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. At March 28, 2026 and September 27, 2025, $88.8 million and $91.3 million, respectively, were outstanding on the term loans.

At March 28, 2026 and September 27, 2025, the stated interest rates on the term loans were 5.5% and 6.1%, respectively. At March 28, 2026 and September 27, 2025, the weighted-average annual effective interest rates for the term loans were 6.0% and 6.6%, respectively, which include amortization of the deferred debt issuance costs.

At March 28, 2026, $8.3 million of letters of credit were outstanding, which reduces the availability on the revolving line of credit. There were no borrowings outstanding on the Revolving Credit Facility; therefore, the Company would have been able to borrow $141.7 million on the revolving line of credit.

Interest expense on all indebtedness was $1.5 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, and $3.1 million and $3.7 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively.

The schedule of remaining principal payments through maturity for the term loans is as follows:
(in thousands of dollars)
Fiscal YearPrincipal Payments
2026$2,500 
20275,000 
20285,000 
202976,250 
Total remaining principal payments$88,750 

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5. Income Taxes

Income tax provisions for interim periods are based on estimated annual income tax rates, adjusted to reflect the effects of any significant infrequent or unusual items that are required to be discretely recognized within the current interim period. The effective tax rates in the periods presented are largely based upon the annual forecasted pre-tax earnings mix and allocation of certain expenses in various taxing jurisdictions where the Company conducts its business, primarily in the United States of America ("U.S."). In periods where our pre-tax income approximates or is equal to break-even, the effective tax rates for quarter-to-date and full-year periods may not be meaningful due to discrete period items.

Three Months

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 28, 2026 was 24.9% and differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21%. The increase was primarily due to the impacts from state taxes and certain permanent items on the federal rate, which were partially offset by the impacts from federal and state tax credits (net of valuation allowances) and discrete period items during the quarter.

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 29, 2025 was 27.2% and differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21%. The increase was primarily due to the impacts from state taxes and certain permanent items on the federal rate, which were partially offset by the impacts from federal and state tax credits (net of valuation allowances) and discrete period items during the quarter.

Six Months

The effective tax rate for the six months ended March 28, 2026 was 24.5% and differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21%. The increase was primarily due to the impacts from state taxes and certain permanent items on the federal rate, which were partially offset by the impacts from federal and state tax credits (net of valuation allowances) and discrete period items during the period.

The effective tax rate for the six months ended March 29, 2025 was 25.8% and differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21%. The increase was primarily due to the impacts from state taxes and certain permanent items on the federal rate, which were partially offset by the impacts from federal and state tax credits (net of valuation allowances) and discrete period items during the period.

6. Guarantees, Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation

At March 28, 2026, the Company had a number of product liability and other cases pending. Management believes that, considering the Company’s insurance coverage and its intention to vigorously defend its positions, the ultimate resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial statements.

Environmental

The Company is subject to a variety of environmental regulations relating to the use, storage, discharge and disposal of hazardous materials used in its manufacturing processes. Failure by the Company to comply with present and future regulations could subject it to future liabilities. In addition, such regulations could require the Company to acquire costly equipment or to incur other significant expenses to comply with environmental regulations. The Company is currently not involved in any material environmental proceedings and therefore, management believes that the resolution of pending environmental matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial statements.

7. Segment Information

We manage our business in two operating segments, both of which are reportable segments: (i) the Bus segment, which includes the manufacture and assembly of buses to be sold to a variety of customers across the U.S., Canada, and in certain limited international markets; and (ii) the Parts segment, which consists primarily of the purchase of parts from third parties to be sold to dealers within the Company’s network and certain large fleet customers.

Our chief operating decision maker ("CODM") is our President and Chief Executive Officer. The CODM primarily uses net sales and gross profit to evaluate segment performance, allocate resources, and make operating decisions as these metrics align with the
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Company's mission to deliver profitable growth to our stockholders over time. Specifically, net sales is utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of the Company's sales functions in obtaining a fair price for the significant value that our products offer and ensuring that the sales prices charged for our products appropriately consider changes in the costs we incur to procure inventory for the products we offer. Gross profit is utilized to evaluate the effectiveness of the Company's purchasing functions in controlling the costs we incur in procuring inventory and the effectiveness and efficiency of the Company's manufacturing operations in converting inventory into finished products. The CODM does not utilize segment asset information to evaluate performance and make resource allocation decisions, primarily because the Parts segment operates as a distributor and accordingly, does not have a significant amount of assets. Therefore, disclosures of assets for the segments are not provided. The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those applied in preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements included herein.

Significant reportable segment information provided to and used by the CODM in assessing performance and allocating resources is as follows:

Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Bus segment
Net sales (1)$325,087 $332,712 $632,749 $620,859 
Cost of goods sold267,832 275,078 517,235 516,053 
Segment gross profit$57,255 $57,634 $115,514 $104,806 
Parts segment
Net sales (1)$27,548 $26,139 $52,970 $51,864 
Cost of goods sold14,156 12,919 26,608 25,499 
Segment gross profit$13,392 $13,220 $26,362 $26,365 
(1)    Parts segment revenue includes $1.4 million and $1.9 million for the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, and $2.6 million and $3.8 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, related to inter-segment sales of parts that was eliminated by the Bus segment upon consolidation.

The following table is a reconciliation of segment gross profit to consolidated income before income taxes for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Bus segment gross profit
$57,255 $57,634 $115,514 $104,806 
Parts segment gross profit
13,392 13,220 26,362 26,365 
Segment gross profit$70,647 $70,854 $141,876 $131,171 
Adjustments:
Selling, general and administrative expenses(31,529)(37,143)(65,081)(64,418)
Interest expense(1,545)(1,813)(3,111)(3,728)
Interest income1,929 1,258 3,910 2,826 
Other (expense) income, net
(2,922)444 (3,133)3,360 
Income before income taxes
$36,580 $33,600 $74,461 $69,211 

Sales are attributable to geographic areas based on customer location and were as follows for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
U.S.
$316,779 $299,274 $595,450 $587,231 
Canada35,809 59,471 90,135 84,074 
Rest of world47 106 134 1,418 
Total net sales$352,635 $358,851 $685,719 $672,723 

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8. Revenue

The following table disaggregates revenue by product category for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Diesel buses$165,220 $117,611 $310,073 $241,983 
Alternative power buses (1)149,832 199,462 301,209 348,384 
Other (2)10,764 16,285 22,853 31,772 
Parts26,819 25,493 51,584 50,584 
Net sales$352,635 $358,851 $685,719 $672,723 
(1)    Includes buses sold with any power source other than diesel (e.g., gasoline, propane or electric).
(2)    Includes shipping and handling revenue, extended warranty income, surcharges and chassis and bus shell sales.

9. Earnings Per Share

The following table presents the earnings per share computation for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands except for share data)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Numerator:
Net income
$29,301 $26,046 $60,057 $54,768 
Denominator:
Weighted-average common shares outstanding31,629,376 31,917,407 31,703,272 32,072,354 
Weighted-average dilutive securities, restricted stock148,195 432,673 207,296 475,526 
Weighted-average dilutive securities, stock options118,933 216,937 118,243 239,056 
Weighted-average dilutive securities, warrants
533,618 318,976 529,430 365,130 
Weighted-average shares and dilutive potential common shares (1)32,430,122 32,885,993 32,558,241 33,152,066 
Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share
$0.93 $0.82 $1.89 $1.71 
Diluted earnings per share
$0.90 $0.79 $1.84 $1.65 
(1)    Potentially dilutive securities representing 0.1 million shares of common stock were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three months ended March 29, 2025 as their effect would have been antidilutive. There were no potentially dilutive securities excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share for the three and six month periods ended March 28, 2026 and for the six month period ended March 29, 2025 because their effect was antidilutive.
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10. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

The following table provides information on changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCL") for the periods presented:
Three Months EndedSix Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)Defined Benefit Pension PlanTotal AOCLDefined Benefit Pension PlanTotal AOCL
March 28, 2026
Beginning Balance$(28,157)$(28,157)$(28,247)$(28,247)
Amounts reclassified and included in earnings118 118 236 236 
Total before taxes118 118 236 236 
Income taxes(28)(28)(56)(56)
Ending Balance March 28, 2026$(28,067)$(28,067)$(28,067)$(28,067)
March 29, 2025
Beginning Balance$(26,363)$(26,363)$(26,416)$(26,416)
Amounts reclassified and included in earnings69 69 139 139 
Total before taxes69 69 139 139 
Income taxes(17)(17)(34)(34)
Ending Balance March 29, 2025$(26,311)$(26,311)$(26,311)$(26,311)

11. Equity Investment in Affiliates

The Company has made investments in the below entities and utilizes the equity method of accounting to record its interest in them as it does not have control to direct the activities that most significantly impact their financial performance based on the shared powers of the venture partners. The carrying amount of the equity method investments is adjusted for any contribution that the Company makes to them as well as for the Company’s proportionate share of net earnings or losses and any dividends received.

Micro Bird Holdings, Inc.

The Company holds a 50% equity interest in Micro Bird Holdings, Inc. ("Micro Bird"), our unconsolidated Canadian joint venture that produces Blue Bird Micro Bird by Girardin Type A school buses in Drummondville, Quebec. Additionally, since September 2025, Micro Bird has been producing small and mid-sized commercial buses and a small number of Type A school buses at a newly opened facility in Plattsburgh, New York.

In recognizing the Company’s 50% portion of Micro Bird's net income or loss, the Company recorded equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations totaling approximately $1.8 million and $2.0 million for the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, and $4.0 million and $4.1 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively. Micro Bird paid no dividends in the three or six month periods ended March 28, 2026 or March 29, 2025.

At March 28, 2026 and September 27, 2025, the carrying value of the Company's investment in Micro Bird included within equity investment in affiliates on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets was $39.2 million and $35.2 million, respectively.

On April 1, 2026, prior to filing the second quarter fiscal 2026 Form 10-Q with the SEC, the Company completed its acquisition of the remaining 50% of the outstanding common stock of Micro Bird. Since Micro Bird's fiscal periods align with calendar months, its financial results for the three and six month periods ended March 31, 2026 were utilized to record the equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates reflected on the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six month periods ended March 28, 2026 as discussed above. However, this acquisition will result in the Company ceasing to account for Micro Bird utilizing the equity method of accounting effective March 28, 2026 and fully consolidating Micro Bird at the beginning of the third quarter of fiscal 2026 and subsequently. See Note 13, Subsequent Events, for further discussion.

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Clean Bus Solutions, LLC

The Company holds a 50% equity interest in Clean Bus Solutions, LLC ("CBS"), our unconsolidated joint venture that provides a fleet-as-a-service ("FaaS") offering using electric school buses manufactured and sold by the Company. The service is offered to qualified customers of the Company by providing them with turnkey electrification solutions, including a wide product range consisting of, among others, electric school buses, financing of electric buses and supporting charging infrastructure, project planning and management, and fleet optimization.

In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025, the Company performed an impairment assessment of its equity investment in CBS. Based upon the historical losses generated by CBS since inception, when coupled with CBS' projections of continued losses in future periods, management determined that the Company would not recover the carrying amount of its investment in the near term. Accordingly, a conclusion was reached that an impairment that was other-than-temporary in nature existed. During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2025, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $7.4 million that reduced the carrying value of the Company's investment in CBS to $0 at September 27, 2025.

Through the course of its operations, CBS was unable to generate business on a timeline that was likely to generate profitable returns for the entity within the expectations of the Company and the other joint venture partner, Generate Capital, PBC (“Generate Capital”). In October 2025, the CBS Board of Managers met and voted to recommend to the joint venture partners to terminate the business, wind down operations, and dissolve the legal entity. On October 22, 2025, the Company's Board of Directors approved the termination of CBS and the joint venture agreement governing its operations. Upon obtaining similar approval from Generate Capital, the CBS Board of Managers authorized winding down and dissolution of the business on October 24, 2025, which was largely completed by the end of 2025.

The Company made no cash contributions to CBS during the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025 but made $0.2 million and $0.5 million of cash contributions to CBS during the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, both of which increased the balance of equity investment in affiliates on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The cash contributions during the six months ended March 28, 2026 were made to allow CBS to pay its obligations in connection with winding down its operations, terminating its business and dissolving the entity.

In recognizing the Company’s 50% portion of CBS' net income or loss, the Company recorded less than $(0.1) million and $(0.4) million (both losses) in equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, and $(0.2) million and $(0.7) million (both losses) for the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively. CBS paid no dividends in any period.

At both March 28, 2026 and September 27, 2025, the carrying value of the Company's investment in CBS included within equity investment in affiliates on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets was $0.

12. Stockholders’ Equity

Share Repurchase Program and Common Stock Retirement

On January 31, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized and approved a share repurchase program for up to $60 million of outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock over a period of 24 months, expiring January 31, 2026. On August 5, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized and approved a second share repurchase program for up to $100 million of outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock, expiring January 1, 2028. Under both share repurchase programs, the Company may repurchase shares through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, accelerated share repurchase transactions, block purchases or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

Pursuant to the share repurchase plans, the Company repurchased 101,670 shares of its common stock for $5.0 million during the three months ended March 28, 2026 and 392,418 shares of its common stock for $19.9 million during the six months ended March 28, 2026. During the same periods in fiscal 2025, the Company repurchased 559,352 and 802,802 shares of its common stock, respectively, for $20.0 million and $30.1 million, respectively. The Company constructively retired these shares immediately after repurchase, with the $5.0 million and $20.0 million amounts paid in excess of the $0.0001 par value of each share during the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, and the $19.9 million and $30.1 million amounts paid in excess of the $0.0001 par value of each share during the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, recorded as a reduction in retained earnings. The shares repurchased during the first quarter of fiscal 2026 resulted in the Company utilizing all $60 million that was
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authorized under the initial share repurchase program prior to its expiration date. The total remaining authorization for future common stock repurchases under the Company's $100 million share repurchase program was $90.6 million as of March 28, 2026.

13. Subsequent Events

Defined Benefit Pension Plan Settlement and Termination

During the latter part of fiscal 2025, the Company initiated actions to terminate its Defined Benefit Pension Plan (the "Plan"). During April 2026, the pension benefits earned by certain Plan participants were settled via lump-sum cash payments totaling $13.0 million, representing approximately 11.8% of the $109.6 million total projected benefit obligation as of September 27, 2025, using Plan assets. Also during April 2026, the Company received initial bids to purchase a group annuity contract from a significant number of insurance companies. Management is currently evaluating such bids and expects to finalize this process by executing an agreement with the selected insurance company in May 2026. The pension benefits earned by those Plan participants remaining after the lump-sum cash payments described above are expected to be settled prior to the end of the third quarter of fiscal 2026 via the transfer of such obligations to either the (i) selected insurance company, via the purchase of a group annuity contract, or (ii) Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation ("PBGC") via the transfer of cash, both using Plan assets.

Subsequent to the lump-sum cash payments, purchase of a group annuity contract and transfer of cash to the PBGC, as applicable, the Company is, or will be, relieved of the primary responsibility for paying the benefit obligations earned by Plan participants in future periods, which constitutes a plan settlement. The provisions of ASC 715, Postretirement Benefits, indicate that the settlement of all, or more than a minor portion, of a pension plan benefit obligation represents an event that requires the recognition in income of all, or part, of the net gain or loss deferred in accumulated other comprehensive income or loss. Since the Company has settled, or will settle, all of the Plan's benefit obligations during the third quarter of fiscal 2026, the entire after-tax balance recorded in accumulated other comprehensive loss within stockholders' equity on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, which totaled $28.1 million as of March 28, 2026, will be recognized as a loss in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the third quarter of fiscal 2026, as will the corresponding deferred tax asset, which totaled $4.8 million as of March 28, 2026. However, both of these amounts are subject to change during the third quarter of fiscal 2026 as normal pension accounting entries are recorded through the date that the Plan is completely terminated and as the provisions of ASC 715 require that pension plan assets and obligations be remeasured immediately prior to a plan settlement.

Micro Bird Acquisition

On April 1, 2026, the Company completed its acquisition of the remaining 50% of the outstanding common stock of Micro Bird pursuant to the terms of a Purchase Agreement dated February 15, 2026 (the “Purchase Agreement”) with the AG 2014 Trust (“AG Trust”), the SG One 2014 Trust (“SG Trust”), and the DG One 2014 Trust (“DG Trust” and collectively with AG Trust and SG Trust, the “Trusts”), Groupe Autobus Girardin Ltée, a corporation existing under the federal laws of Canada (“GAG”), and Girardin Minibus JV 2 Inc., a corporation existing under the laws of the Province of Québec (the “MB US Seller” and together with the Trusts and GAG, the “Sellers” and each, a “Seller”).

Specifically, the Company acquired 100% of the issued and outstanding equity securities of Girardin Minibus JV 2 USA Inc., a Delaware corporation (“MB US Target”) and, through its newly formed Canadian subsidiary, MB Exchangeco Inc. (“MB ExchangeCo”), 100% of the issued and outstanding equity securities of Girardin Minibus JV Inc., a corporation existing under the laws of the Province of Québec (“MB Canada Target” and together with MB US Target, the “Micro Bird Targets” and each, a “Target”) collectively in exchange for an aggregate purchase price of $201.8 million (the “Purchase Price”) that was established at the time of signing the Purchase Agreement and was modified only for changes in working capital and net debt amounts between February 15 and April 1, 2026. Under the terms of the Purchase Agreement, the Purchase Price was paid as follows: (i) approximately 30% was paid in cash in the amount of $63.0 million, after closing adjustments, and (ii) approximately 70% was valued via reference to 2,702,180 shares of Company common stock at a share price of $51.35 for a total value of $138.8 million (the “Stock Consideration”) and paid through the issuance of a combination of (i) 2,702,180 Class A non-voting exchangeable common shares in the capital of MB ExchangeCo (the “Exchangeable Shares”), which are exchangeable on a one-to-one basis into shares of Company common stock, and (ii) one share of newly-created Company preferred stock with voting rights equivalent to the number of Company common shares that the outstanding Exchangeable Shares are exchangeable into at any time (the “Special Voting Share”).

The Exchangeable Shares are not transferable without Company consent. In addition, the Exchangeable Shares and any shares of Company common stock issued upon the exchange of the Exchangeable Shares will be subject to a contractual lock-up as follows: no transfers of the shares may occur for a period of six months, or until October 1, 2026. Thereafter, (i) 17.9% of the shares will be released from lock-up on October 1, 2026, (ii) an additional 17.9% of the shares will be released from lock-up on April 1, 2027, (iii) an additional 17.9% of the shares will be released from lock-up on October 1, 2027, (iv) an additional 27.8% of the shares will be released from lock-up on April 1, 2028, and (v) the remaining 18.5% of the shares will be released from lock-up on April 1, 2029.

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The issuance of the Exchangeable Shares was not registered under the Securities Act of 1933. The Company has agreed to file with the SEC a registration statement covering the resale of the Company common stock issued upon the exchange of the Exchangeable Shares, use commercially reasonable efforts to cause the registration statement to become effective prior to the expiration of the contractual restrictions described above, and to generally cause the registration statement to remain effective while the Exchangeable Shares remain outstanding.

The Exchangeable Shares issued by MB ExchangeCo have no rights with respect to MB ExchangeCo, other than the right to exchange into shares of Company common stock. This right requires MB ExchangeCo to redeem Exchangeable Shares upon the request of the holder for a redemption price equal to one share of Company common stock for each Exchangeable Share redeemed, plus any unpaid dividends.

The terms of the Purchase Agreement also required the Company to repay all of Micro Bird's outstanding bank debt obligations, including interest accrued on outstanding principal balances, existing on the date of closing, which totaled $129.6 million.

The acquisition of the remaining 50% of the outstanding common stock of Micro Bird will result in the Company controlling Micro Bird effective April 1, 2026. Accordingly, the acquisition will be recorded as a business combination in accordance with the provisions of ASC 805, Business Combinations, which will result in the Company ceasing to account for Micro Bird utilizing the equity method of accounting at the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2026 and fully consolidating Micro Bird at the beginning of the third quarter of fiscal 2026 and subsequently.

During the three and six months ended March 28, 2026, the Company incurred approximately $2.7 million of pretax costs relating to this transaction, which are recorded in Other (expense) income, net on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations as they are not indicative of our normal operating activities. No similar costs were incurred in the corresponding periods of fiscal 2025.

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations of Blue Bird Corporation (the "Company," "Blue Bird," "we," "our," or "us") should be read in conjunction with the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three and six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025 and related notes appearing in Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q ("Report"). Our actual results may not be indicative of future performance. This discussion and analysis contains forward-looking statements and involves numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those discussed or incorporated by reference in the sections of this Report entitled “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and “Risk Factors.” Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Certain monetary amounts, percentages and other figures included in this Report have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, figures shown as totals in certain tables may not be the arithmetic aggregation of the figures that precede them, and figures expressed as percentages in the text may not total 100% or, as applicable, when aggregated, may not be the arithmetic aggregation of the percentages that precede them.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Report contains forward-looking statements intended to qualify for the safe harbors from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Except as otherwise indicated by the context, references in this Report to “we,” “us” and “our” are to the consolidated business of the Company. All statements in this Report, including those made by the management of the Company, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are based on management’s estimates, projections and assumptions as of the date hereof and include the assumptions that underlie such statements. Forward-looking statements may contain words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expect,” “plan,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “seek,” “target,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “predict,” “potential” and “continue,” the negative of these terms, or other comparable terminology. Examples of forward-looking statements include statements regarding the Company’s future financial results, research and development results, regulatory approvals, operating results, business strategies, projected costs, products, competitive positions, management’s plans and objectives for future operations, and industry trends. These forward-looking statements relate to expectations for future financial performance, business strategies or expectations for our business. Specifically, forward-looking statements may include statements relating to:

the future financial performance of the Company;
negative changes in the market for Blue Bird products;
expansion plans and opportunities;
challenges or unexpected costs related to manufacturing;
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future impacts from pandemics, epidemics or similar widespread disease or illness outbreaks (collectively, "public health crises") on capital markets, manufacturing and supply chain abilities, consumer and customer demand, school system operations, workplace conditions, and any other unexpected impacts, which include or could include, among other effects:
disruption in global financial and credit markets;
supply shortages and supplier financial risk, especially from our single-source suppliers impacted by public health crises;
negative impacts to manufacturing operations or the supply chain from shutdowns or other disruptions in operations;
negative impacts on capacity and/or production in response to changes in demand due to public health crises, including possible cost containment actions;
financial difficulties of our customers impacted by public health crises;
reductions in market demand for our products due to public health crises; and
potential negative impacts of various actions taken by federal, state and/or local governments in response to public health crises.
future impacts resulting from current and/or future military conflicts, which include or could include, among other effects:
disruption in global commodity and other markets;
supply shortages and supplier financial risk, especially from suppliers providing inventory that is dependent on resources originating from countries impacted by military conflicts; and
negative impacts to manufacturing operations resulting from inventory cost volatility or the supply chain due to shutdowns or other disruptions in operations.
future impacts resulting from changes in governmental policies, programs, regulations and/or laws, which include or could include, among other effects:
the imposition of new and/or revised trade policies and tariffs, which could increase the cost of components we and/or our suppliers purchase that would impact our cost to produce buses and purchase parts for resale; increase the prices we charge for our products to pass along part or all of our increased purchase costs; and/or impact the purchasing decisions of our customers that could result in them buying less, or none, of our products in future periods;
reductions in governmental grants, subsidies and/or other incentives, which would result in a decrease in funds that are used by school districts and fleet customers to partially, or fully, offset the higher price of alternative powered school buses and could impact the purchasing decisions of our customers that elect to buy less, or none. of our products in future periods; and
changes in current or future emissions regulations, which could increase the costs of powertrain components that we purchase from major suppliers and would impact our cost to produce buses and purchase parts for resale; increase the prices we charge for our products to pass along part or all of our increased purchase costs; and/or impact the purchasing decisions of our customers that could result in them buying less, or none. of our products in future periods.

These forward-looking statements are based on information available as of the date of this Report (or, in the case of forward-looking statements incorporated herein by reference, as of the date of the applicable filed document), and current expectations, forecasts and assumptions, and involve a number of judgments, risks and uncertainties. Accordingly, forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our views as of any subsequent date, and we do not undertake any obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date they were made, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws. As a result of a number of known and unknown risks and uncertainties, our actual results or performance may be materially different than those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements.

Any expectations based on these forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties and other important factors, including those discussed in the reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), specifically the sections entitled “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in the Company’s fiscal year 2025 Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on November 24, 2025. Other risks and uncertainties are and will be disclosed in the Company’s prior and future SEC filings. The following information should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Company’s fiscal year 2025 Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on November 24, 2025.

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Available Information

We are subject to the reporting and information requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and as a result are obligated to file or furnish, as applicable, annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other information with the SEC. We make these documents available free of charge on our website (http://www.blue-bird.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file them with, or furnish them to, the SEC. Information on our website does not constitute part of this Report. In addition, the SEC maintains a website (http://www.sec.gov) that contains our annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy and information statements, and other information we electronically file with, or furnish to, the SEC.

Executive Overview

Blue Bird is the leading independent designer and manufacturer of school buses. Our longevity and reputation in the school bus industry have made Blue Bird an iconic American brand. We distinguish ourselves from our principal competitors by dedicating our focus to the design, engineering, manufacture and sale of school buses, and related parts. As the only principal manufacturer of chassis and body production specifically designed for school bus applications in the United States of America ("U.S."), Blue Bird is recognized as an industry leader for school bus innovation, safety, product quality/reliability/durability, efficiency, and lower operating costs. In addition, Blue Bird is the market leader in alternative powered product offerings with its propane powered, gasoline powered and all-electric powered school buses.

Blue Bird sells its buses and parts through an extensive network of U.S. and Canadian dealers that, in their territories, are exclusive to Blue Bird on Type C and Type D school buses. Blue Bird also sells directly to major fleet operators, the U.S. Government, state governments, and authorized dealers in certain limited foreign countries.

Throughout this Report, we refer to the fiscal year ending October 3, 2026 as "fiscal 2026," the fiscal year ended September 27, 2025 as "fiscal 2025," and the fiscal year ended September 28, 2024 as "fiscal 2024." There will be 53 weeks in fiscal 2026 and were 52 weeks in fiscal 2025. The second quarters of fiscal 2026 and fiscal 2025 both included 13 weeks. The six month periods in fiscal 2026 and 2025 both included 26 weeks.

Business Update

The global supply chain constraints for automotive parts that arose subsequent to the novel coronavirus pandemic known as "COVID-19" and that were further impacted by additional stress resulting from Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, continued to impact our business and operations in the first half of both fiscal 2025 and 2026. Specifically, there were occasional shortages of certain critical components that impacted our manufacturing production schedule and related operational efficiencies, while increasing costs charged by suppliers to procure inventory continued during both periods. Both of these factors impacted our business and operations by limiting the number and/or mix of school buses that we could produce and sell as well as increasing the costs to manufacture buses.

Nonetheless, the lessons learned, and resulting actions taken, by management over the past several years allowed the Company to continue navigating these supply chain challenges to consistently produce buses to fulfill sales orders. Such actions included, among others, sourcing inventory purchases from alternative suppliers and strategically acquiring larger quantities of certain critical components that have longer lead times that could impact our production schedule if not manufactured by our suppliers and delivered to us in a timely manner.

In addition to periodic inventory shortages and general inflationary pressures resulting from the global supply chain constraints discussed above, changes in trade policies and tariffs began to impact our business and operations in the second half of fiscal 2025 and continuing into the first half of fiscal 2026 by increasing our procurement costs for certain imported inventory. Actions we have taken, and are continuing to take, to mitigate the impact from changes in trade policies and tariffs include increasing the volume of steel we purchase at fixed prices up to four quarters in advance and working with our suppliers to identify alternative supply chain sources to minimize the increase in inventory costs.

However, the higher inventory purchase costs that we incurred in producing and selling buses during the first half of fiscal 2025 and fiscal 2026 resulting from general inflationary pressures caused by global supply chain constraints as well as changes in trade policies and tariffs, as applicable, did not negatively impact our operating results or cash flows during these periods as such impacts were largely offset by proactive increases in the sales prices we charged for our products. However, they could materially impact our operating results and cash flows in future periods if we are unable to (i) mitigate the increased cost of (a) procuring inventory to produce buses and (b) purchasing parts for resale and/or (ii) increase the sales prices we charge for our products to partially or fully offset these cost increases.

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Additionally, although new bus orders during the majority of fiscal 2025 remained strong, management believes that the uncertainty in bus pricing resulting from changing tariffs temporarily impacted bus orders during the latter part of fiscal 2025 and, to a lesser extent, continuing into the first half of fiscal 2026. Specifically, due to a combination of (i) pent-up demand resulting from the cumulative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic when many school systems conducted virtual learning and (ii) the challenged global supply chain for automotive parts that hindered the school bus industry's ability to produce and sell buses in the years subsequent to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Company’s backlog approximated 4,400 units as of March 29, 2025. Given the strong backlog in the overall school bus industry that resulted in long time lags between customers ordering and taking delivery of a school bus, when coupled with the uncertainty regarding the pricing of a school bus resulting from the inclusion of actual tariff charges in the final sales price, management believes that many customers elected to temporarily defer the purchase of buses towards the end of our fiscal 2025. As a result, the Company’s backlog decreased to approximately 3,070 units as of September 27, 2025. However, due to the Company’s proactive communications with our dealers and customers and committing to a tariff pricing strategy that significantly addressed the volatility in bus pricing for customers, we experienced an increase in orders during the first half of fiscal 2026 that increased the backlog to approximately 3,560 units as of March 28, 2026, which included over 900 electric powered units. Due to the age of school bus fleets in the U.S. and Canada, which is at least partially attributable to supply chain disruptions in recent years that have left school districts with meaningful replacement needs, and the strong overall fundamentals in the school bus industry, management believes that this slowdown in orders is temporary in nature not indicative of a broader decrease in current or future market demand.

Finally, the deferral of funds relating to governmental grants, subsidies and/or other incentives that are intended to partially, or fully, offset the higher price of alternative powered school buses impacted, to a lesser extent, the mix of school buses that we produced and sold during the latter part of fiscal 2025 and continuing into the first half of fiscal 2026. Although we noted that government grant money continued to flow during this period, the timing of some of these payments occurred too late to adjust our production schedule to build and sell more higher priced alternative powered school buses. However, such funding should positively impact the remainder of fiscal 2026 and/or subsequent periods. Nonetheless, any future decrease in such funds could impact the purchasing decisions of our customers that elect to buy less, or none, of our products in future periods.

In general, management believes that the impacts from (i) supply chain disruptions, including those resulting from current or future military conflicts, and (ii) changes in governmental policies, programs, regulations and/or laws could continue in future periods and could materially impact our results if we are unable to (a) obtain parts and supplies in sufficient quantities to meet our production needs and/or (b) pass along rising costs to our customers. They could result in significant economic disruption and adversely impact our business during the remainder of fiscal 2026 and perhaps beyond. Significant uncertainty exists concerning the magnitude of the impact and duration of (i) ongoing supply chain constraints and (ii) changes in governmental policies, programs, regulations and/or laws and their potential impact on the overall economy, both within the U.S and globally. Accordingly, the magnitude and duration of such matters and their related financial impacts on our business cannot be estimated at this time.

We continue to monitor and assess the ability of suppliers to maintain operations and to provide parts and supplies in sufficient quantities and at acceptable costs to meet our production needs, including our ability to maintain continuous production during the remainder of fiscal 2026 and beyond, and price our products at amounts that are attractive to our customers. See PART I, Item 1.A. "Risk Factors," of our fiscal 2025 Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on November 24, 2025, for a discussion of the material risks we believe we face particularly related to (i) supply chain disruptions and related constraints and (ii) changes in governmental policies, programs, regulations and/or laws.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates, Recent Accounting Pronouncements

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”) requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Blue Bird evaluates its estimates on an ongoing basis, based on historical experience and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Application of these accounting policies involves the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions as to future uncertainties and, as a result, actual results could differ from these estimates.

The Company’s accounting policies that we believe are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results are described in the Company’s fiscal 2025 Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on November 24, 2025, under the caption “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates,” which description is incorporated herein by reference. Our senior management has reviewed these critical accounting policies and related disclosures and determined that there were no significant changes in our critical accounting policies during the six months ended March 28, 2026.

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Recent Accounting Pronouncements

See Note 2 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report for a discussion of new and/or recently adopted accounting pronouncements, as applicable.

Factors Affecting Our Revenues

Our revenues are driven primarily by the following factors:

Property tax revenues. Property tax revenues are one of the major sources of funding for school districts, and therefore new school buses. Property tax revenues are a function of land and building prices, relying on assessments of property value by state or county assessors and millage rates voted by the local electorate.
Student enrollment and delivery mechanisms for learning. Increases or decreases in the number of school bus riders have a direct impact on school district demand. Evolving protocols for public health concerns and/or continued technological advancements could shift the future form of educational delivery away from in-person learning on a more permanent basis, with increased remote learning reasonably expected to decrease the number of school bus riders.
Revenue mix. We are able to charge more for certain of our products (e.g., Type C propane powered school buses, electric powered buses, Type D buses, and buses with higher option content) than other products. The mix of products sold in any fiscal period can directly impact our revenues for the period.
Strength of the dealer network. We rely on our dealers, as well as a small number of major fleet operators, to be the direct point of contact with school districts and their purchasing agents. An effective dealer is capable of expanding revenues within a given school district by matching that district’s needs to our capabilities, offering options that would not otherwise be provided to the district.
Pricing. Our products are sold to school districts throughout the U.S. and Canada. Each state and each Canadian province has its own set of regulations that govern the purchase of products, including school buses, by their school districts. We and our dealers must navigate these regulations, purchasing procedures, and the districts’ specifications in order to reach mutually acceptable price terms. Pricing may or may not be favorable to us, depending upon a number of factors impacting purchasing decisions. Additionally, in certain cases, prices originally quoted with dealers and school districts may have become less favorable, or more unfavorable, to us given increasing inventory costs between the time the sales order was contractually agreed upon and the bus is built and delivered as a result of ongoing supply chain disruptions, general inflationary pressure and the imposition of new and/or revised trade policies and tariffs, among other factors.
Buying patterns of major fleets. Major fleets regularly compete against one another for existing accounts. Fleets are also continuously trying to win the business of school districts that operate their own transportation services. These activities can have either a positive or negative impact on our sales, depending on the brand preference of the fleet that wins the business. Major fleets also periodically review their fleet sizes and replacement patterns due to funding availability as well as the profitability of existing routes. These actions can impact total purchases by fleets in a given year.
Seasonality. In the fiscal years preceding the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, our sales were subject to seasonal variation based on the school calendar with the peak season during our third and fourth fiscal quarters. Sales during the third and fourth fiscal quarters were typically greater than the first and second fiscal quarters due to the desire of municipalities to have any new buses that they ordered available to them at the beginning of the new school year. Since 2020, with the COVID-19 pandemic impacting the demand for Company products and the impact of the subsequent supply chain constraints hindering the Company's ability to produce and sell buses as discussed previously above, seasonality has become unpredictable. Seasonality and variations from historical seasonality have impacted the comparison of results between fiscal periods.
Inflation. As discussed previously above, supply chain disruptions developing subsequent to the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia's invasion of Ukraine have significantly increased our inventory purchase costs, including freight costs incurred to deliver critical components, reflected in cost of goods sold during fiscal 2025 and continuing into the first half of fiscal 2026. Additionally, the imposition of tariffs on certain imported inventory that became effective during the second half of fiscal 2025 and continued into the first half of fiscal 2026 has further increased our inventory purchase costs. In response, the Company announced a number of sales price increases that applied to new sales orders that were intended to mitigate the impact of rising purchase costs on our operations, results and cash flows. These cumulative price increases have had a significant, positive impact on sales and gross profit during fiscal 2025 and continuing into the first half of fiscal 2026.
Governmental grants, subsidies and/or other incentives. Funds provided by federal, state and/or local governments are often times targeted to partially, or fully, offset the higher price of alternative powered school buses. The deferral and/or elimination of such funds can impact the buying decisions of school districts and fleet customers, including impacting the volume, mix and/or timing of school bus purchases that can directly impact our revenues during a fiscal period.
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Factors Affecting Our Expenses and Other Items

Our expenses and other line items on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations are principally driven by the following factors:

Cost of goods sold. The components of our cost of goods sold consist of material costs (principally powertrain components, steel and rubber, as well as aluminum and copper) including freight costs, labor expense, and overhead. Our cost of goods sold may vary from period to period due to changes in sales volume and/or mix, efforts by certain suppliers to pass through the economics associated with key commodities as well as changes in trade policies and tariffs, fluctuations in freight costs, design changes with respect to specific components, design changes with respect to specific bus models, wage increases for plant labor, productivity of plant labor, delays in receiving materials and other logistical problems, and the impact of overhead items such as utilities.
Selling, general and administrative expenses. Our selling, general and administrative expenses include costs associated with our selling and marketing efforts, engineering, centralized finance, human resources, purchasing, information technology services, along with other administrative matters and functions. In most instances, other than direct costs associated with sales and marketing programs, the principal component of these costs is compensation expense. Changes from period to period are typically driven by the number of our employees, as well as by merit increases provided to experienced personnel.
Interest expense. Our interest expense relates to costs associated with our debt instruments and reflects both the amount of indebtedness and the interest rate that we are required to pay on our debt. Interest expense also includes unrealized gains or losses from interest rate hedges, if any, and changes in the fair value of interest rate derivatives not designated in hedge accounting relationships, if any, as well as expenses related to debt guarantees, if any.
Income taxes. We make estimates of the amounts to recognize for income taxes in each tax jurisdiction in which we operate. In addition, provisions are established for withholding taxes related to the transfer of cash between jurisdictions and for uncertain tax positions taken, if any.
Other expense/income, net. This balance includes net periodic pension expense or income as well as gains or losses on foreign currency, if any. Other amounts not associated with operating expenses may also be included in this balance.
Equity in net income or loss of non-consolidated affiliates. We include in this line item our 50% share of net income or loss from our investments in Micro Bird Holdings, Inc. ("Micro Bird) and Clean Bus Solutions, LLC, our unconsolidated joint ventures.

Key Non-GAAP Financial Measures We Use to Evaluate Our Performance

The condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report in Item 1. "Financial Statements (Unaudited)" are prepared in conformity with U.S. GAAP. This Report also includes the following financial measures that are not prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP ("non-GAAP"): “Adjusted EBITDA;” “Adjusted EBITDA Margin;” and “Free Cash Flow.” Adjusted EBITDA and Free Cash Flow are financial metrics that are utilized by management and the Board of Directors, as and when applicable, to determine (a) the annual cash bonus payouts, if any, to be made to certain employees based upon the terms of the Company’s Management Incentive Plan, and (b) whether the performance criteria have been met for the vesting of certain equity awards granted annually to certain members of management based upon the terms of the Company’s Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. Additionally, consolidated EBITDA, which is an adjusted EBITDA metric defined by our Credit Agreement (defined below) that could differ from Adjusted EBITDA discussed above as the adjustments to the calculations are not uniform, is used to determine the Company's ongoing compliance with several financial covenant requirements, including being utilized in the denominator of the calculation of the Total Net Leverage Ratio ("TNLR"), which is also utilized in determining the interest rate we pay on borrowings under our Credit Agreement (defined below). Accordingly, management views these non-GAAP financial metrics as key for the above purposes and as a useful way to evaluate the performance of our operations as discussed further below.

Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income or loss prior to interest income; interest expense including the component of operating lease expense (which is presented within cost of goods sold or selling, general and administrative expenses in our U.S. GAAP financial statements) that represents interest expense on operating lease liabilities; income taxes; and depreciation and amortization including the component of operating lease expense (which is presented within cost of goods sold or selling, general and administrative expenses in our U.S. GAAP financial statements) that represents amortization charges on right-of-use lease assets; as adjusted for certain non-cash charges or credits that we may record on a recurring basis such as share-based compensation expense and unrealized gains or losses on certain derivative financial instruments as well as certain charges such as (i) transaction related costs or (ii) discrete expenses related to major cost cutting and/or operational transformation initiatives. While certain of the charges that are added back in the Adjusted EBITDA calculation, such as transaction related costs and major cost cutting and/or operational transformation initiatives, represent operating expenses that may be recorded in more than one annual period, the significant project or
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transaction giving rise to such expenses is not considered to be indicative of the Company’s normal operations. Accordingly, we believe that these, as well as the other credits and charges that comprise the amounts utilized in the determination of Adjusted EBITDA described above, should not be used in evaluating the Company’s ongoing annual operating performance.

We define Adjusted EBITDA Margin as Adjusted EBITDA as a percentage of net sales. Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are not measures of performance defined in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The measures are used as a supplement to U.S. GAAP results in evaluating certain aspects of our business, as described below.

We believe that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin are useful to investors in evaluating our performance because the measures consider the performance of our ongoing operations, excluding decisions made with respect to capital investment, financing, and certain other significant initiatives or transactions as outlined in the preceding paragraphs. We believe the non-GAAP measures offer additional financial metrics that, when coupled with the U.S. GAAP results and the reconciliation to U.S. GAAP results, provide a more complete understanding of our results of operations and the factors and trends affecting our business.

Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin should not be considered as alternatives to net income or loss as an indicator of our performance or as alternatives to any other measure prescribed by U.S. GAAP as there are limitations to using such non-GAAP measures. Although we believe that Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin may enhance an evaluation of our operating performance based on recent revenue generation and product/overhead cost control because they exclude the impact of prior decisions made about capital investment, financing, and certain other significant initiatives or transactions, (i) other companies in Blue Bird’s industry may define Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin differently than we do and, as a result, they may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies in Blue Bird’s industry, and (ii) Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA Margin exclude certain financial information that some may consider important in evaluating our performance.

We compensate for these limitations by providing disclosure of the differences between Adjusted EBITDA and U.S. GAAP results, including providing a reconciliation to U.S. GAAP results, to enable investors to perform their own analysis of our ongoing operating results.

Our measure of Free Cash Flow is used in addition to and in conjunction with results presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP and it should not be relied upon to the exclusion of U.S. GAAP financial measures. Free Cash Flow reflects an additional way of evaluating our liquidity that, when viewed with our U.S. GAAP results, provides a more complete understanding of factors and trends affecting our cash flows. We strongly encourage investors to review our financial statements and publicly-filed reports in their entirety and not to rely on any single financial measure.

We define Free Cash Flow as total cash provided by/used in operating activities as adjusted for net cash paid for the acquisition of fixed assets and intangible assets. We use Free Cash Flow, and ratios based on Free Cash Flow, to conduct and evaluate our business because, although it is similar to cash flow from operations, we believe it is a more conservative measure of cash flow since purchases of fixed assets and intangible assets are a necessary component of ongoing manufacturing operations. Accordingly, we expect Free Cash Flow to be less than operating cash flows.

Our Segments

We manage our business in two operating segments, which are also our reportable segments: (i) the Bus segment, which involves the design, engineering, manufacture and sale of school buses and extended warranties; and (ii) the Parts segment, which includes the sale of replacement bus parts. Financial information is reported on the basis that it is used internally by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) in evaluating segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources to segments. The President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company has been identified as the CODM. Management evaluates the segments based primarily upon revenues and gross profit.

24


Consolidated Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025:
Three Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Net sales
$352,635 $358,851 
Cost of goods sold
281,988 287,997 
Gross profit$70,647 $70,854 
Operating expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses31,529 37,143 
Operating profit$39,118 $33,711 
Interest expense(1,545)(1,813)
Interest income1,929 1,258 
Other (expense) income, net(2,922)444 
Income before income taxes$36,580 $33,600 
Income tax expense(9,102)(9,129)
Equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates1,823 1,575 
Net income$29,301 $26,046 
Other financial data:
Adjusted EBITDA
$50,814 $49,206 
Adjusted EBITDA margin
14.4 %13.7 %

The following provides the results of operations of Blue Bird’s two reportable segments:
(in thousands of dollars)Three Months Ended
Net Sales by Segment
March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Bus
$325,087 $332,712 
Parts
27,548 26,139 
Total
$352,635 $358,851 
Gross Profit (Loss) by Segment
Bus
$57,255 $57,634 
Parts
13,392 13,220 
Total
$70,647 $70,854 

Net sales. Net sales were $352.6 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2026, a decrease of $6.2 million, or 1.7%, compared to $358.9 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2025. The decrease in net sales is primarily due to a 6.4% decrease in units sold resulting from a 6.7% decrease in the number of production days in the second quarter of fiscal 2026 when compared with the same period in fiscal 2025, which primarily resulted from the timing of holidays, and our corresponding plant shutdown, in our production calendar. As a result of producing fewer buses, we had fewer units that were available to sell. However, the decrease resulting from selling fewer units was partially offset by Bus customer and product mix changes and cumulative Bus price increases, including increases that were intended to mitigate the impact of increased procurement costs for certain of our imported inventory as a result of the imposition of tariffs beginning during the second half of fiscal 2025 and continuing into the first half of fiscal 2026, as well as an increase in Parts sales.

Bus sales decreased $7.6 million, or 2.3%, reflecting a 6.4% decrease in unit bookings that was partially offset by a 4.4% increase in average sales price per unit. In the second quarter of fiscal 2026, 2,148 units booked compared to 2,295 units booked for the same period in fiscal 2025. The increase in unit price for the second quarter of fiscal 2026 compared to the same period in fiscal 2025 was primarily due to customer and product mix changes as well as price increases implemented to offset increases in inventory costs.

Parts sales increased $1.4 million, or 5.4%, for the second quarter of fiscal 2026 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2025. This increase is primarily attributed to price increases that were implemented to offset increases in inventory costs as well as higher fulfillment volumes and slight variations due to product and channel mix.

25


Cost of goods sold. Total cost of goods sold was $282.0 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2026, a decrease of $6.0 million, or 2.1%, compared to $288.0 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2025. As a percentage of net sales, total cost of goods sold improved from 80.3% to 80.0%, primarily due to the impact of ongoing pricing actions taken by management that exceeded the impact of increasing costs resulting from inflationary pressures and the imposition of tariffs relating to the procurement of inventory. The improvement was also impacted by product and customer mix changes.

Bus segment cost of goods sold decreased $7.2 million, or 2.6%, for the second quarter of fiscal 2026 compared to the same period in fiscal 2025. The decrease was primarily driven by the 6.4% decrease in units booked, which was partially offset by a 4.0% increase in the average cost of goods sold per unit for the second quarter of fiscal 2026 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase in average cost of goods sold per unit primarily resulted from increases in manufacturing costs attributable to (a) increased raw materials costs resulting from ongoing inflationary pressures and the imposition of tariffs beginning during the second half of fiscal 2025 and (b) ongoing supply chain disruptions that resulted in higher purchase costs for components. The increase was also impacted by customer and product mix changes.

The $1.2 million, or 9.6%, increase in Parts segment cost of goods sold for the second quarter of fiscal 2026 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2025 was primarily due increased product costs driven by inflationary pressures and tariffs as well as slight variations due to product and channel mix.

Operating profit. Operating profit was $39.1 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2026, an increase of $5.4 million compared to operating profit of $33.7 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2025. Profitability was positively impacted by a decrease of $5.6 million in selling, general and administrative expenses, primarily due to the significant amount of share-based compensation expense recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 resulting from the retirement of our former President and Chief Executive Officer, with no similar significant expense recorded for the acceleration of vesting of stock awards in the second quarter of fiscal 2026. However, profitability was negatively impacted by a decrease of $0.2 million in gross profit as outlined in the revenue and cost of goods sold discussions above.

Interest expense. Interest expense was $1.5 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2026, a decrease of $0.3 million, or 14.8%, compared to $1.8 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2025. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in the stated term loan interest rate from 6.2% at March 29, 2025 to 5.5% at March 28, 2026, as well as lower outstanding borrowings in the second quarter of fiscal 2026 compared to the second quarter of fiscal 2025.

Other (expense) income, net. Other expense, net was $2.9 million for the second quarter of fiscal 2026, a decrease of $3.4 million, or 758.1%, compared to $0.4 million of other income, net for the same period in fiscal 2025.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2026, the Company recorded net periodic pension expense of approximately $0.2 million compared with net periodic pension income of $0.4 million for the same period in fiscal 2025.

Additionally, during the second quarter of fiscal 2026, the Company incurred approximately $2.7 million of pretax costs relating to the acquisition of the remaining 50% of the outstanding common stock of Micro Bird effective April 1, 2026, with no such costs incurred during the second quarter of fiscal 2025. The costs incurred relating to this transaction were recorded in other expense, net as they are not indicative of our normal operating activities. See Note 13 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report for a more detailed discussion of this transaction.

Income taxes. Income tax expense was $9.1 million for both the second quarter of fiscal 2026 and the same period in fiscal 2025.

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 28, 2026 was 24.9% and differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21%. The increase was primarily due to the impacts from state taxes and certain permanent items on the federal rate, which were partially offset by the impacts from federal and state tax credits (net of valuation allowances) and discrete period items during the quarter.

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 29, 2025 was 27.2% and differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21%. The increase was primarily due to the impacts from state taxes and certain permanent items on the federal rate, which were partially offset by the impacts from federal and state tax credits (net of valuation allowances) and discrete period items during the quarter.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA was $50.8 million, or 14.4% of net sales, for the second quarter of fiscal 2026, an increase of $1.6 million, or 3.3%, compared to $49.2 million, or 13.7% of net sales, for the second quarter of fiscal 2025. The increase primarily relates to the increase in Micro Bird earnings, when adjusted for the impact of expenses that are excluded in calculating Adjusted EBITDA as outlined in the table below, that was partially offset by a decrease in other income, net, when adjusted for the impact of expenses that are excluded in calculating Adjusted EBITDA, as discussed above.
26



The following table sets forth a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented:
Three Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Net income$29,301 $26,046 
Adjustments:
Interest (income) expense, net (1)
(233)633 
Income tax expense9,102 9,129 
Depreciation, amortization and disposals (2)
4,673 4,251 
Micro Bird acquisition costs
2,673 — 
Share-based compensation expense
1,670 7,434 
Micro Bird total interest expense, net; income tax expense or benefit; depreciation expense and amortization expense
3,628 1,713 
Adjusted EBITDA
$50,814 $49,206 
Adjusted EBITDA margin (percentage of net sales)
14.4 %13.7 %
(1)    Includes $0.2 million and $0.1 million for the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, representing interest expense on operating lease liabilities, which are a component of lease expense and presented within cost of goods sold or selling, general and administrative expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2)    Includes $0.6 million and $0.4 million for the three months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, representing amortization charges on right-of-use lease assets, which are a component of lease expense and presented within cost of goods sold or selling, general and administrative expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Consolidated Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025:
Six Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Net sales
$685,719 $672,723 
Cost of goods sold
543,843 541,552 
Gross profit
$141,876 $131,171 
Operating expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses
65,081 64,418 
Operating profit$76,795 $66,753 
Interest expense(3,111)(3,728)
Interest income3,910 2,826 
Other (expense) income, net(3,133)3,360 
Income before income taxes$74,461 $69,211 
Income tax expense(18,221)(17,822)
Equity in net income of non-consolidated affiliates3,817 3,379 
Net income$60,057 $54,768 
Other financial data:
Adjusted EBITDA
$100,872 $94,959 
Adjusted EBITDA margin
14.7 %14.1 %

27


The following provides the results of operations of Blue Bird’s two reportable segments:
(in thousands of dollars)Six Months Ended
Net Sales by SegmentMarch 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Bus
$632,749 $620,859 
Parts
52,970 51,864 
Total$685,719 $672,723 
Gross Profit by Segment
Bus
$115,514 $104,806 
Parts
26,362 26,365 
Total
$141,876 $131,171 

Net sales. Net sales were $685.7 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026, an increase of $13.0 million, or 1.9%, compared to $672.7 million for the six months ended March 29, 2025. The increase in net sales is primarily due to Bus customer and product mix changes and cumulative Bus price increases, including increases that were intended to mitigate the impact of increased procurement costs for certain of our imported inventory as a result of the imposition of tariffs beginning during the second half of fiscal 2025 and continuing into the first half of fiscal 2026, as well as an increase in Parts sales. The Bus increases described above were partially offset by a decrease in Bus units sold resulting from a 4.3% decrease in the number of production days during the six months ended March 28, 2026 when compared with the same period in fiscal 2025, which primarily resulted from the timing of holidays, and our corresponding plant shutdown, in our production calendar. As a result of producing fewer buses, we had fewer units that were available to sell.

Bus sales increased $11.9 million, or 1.9%, reflecting a 5.3% increase in average sales price per unit that was partially offset by a 3.2% decrease in units booked. The increase in unit price for the first six months of fiscal 2026 compared to the same period in fiscal 2025 was primarily due to customer and product mix changes as well as price increases implemented to offset increases in inventory costs. This increase was partially offset by the impact of booking 4,283 units in the six months ended March 28, 2026 compared with 4,425 units during the same period in fiscal 2025.

Parts sales increased $1.1 million, or 2.1%, for the six months ended March 28, 2026 compared to the six months ended March 29, 2025. This increase is primarily attributed to price increases that were implemented to offset increases in inventory costs as well as higher fulfillment volumes and slight variations due to product and channel mix.

Cost of goods sold. Total cost of goods sold was $543.8 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026, an increase of $2.3 million, or 0.4%, compared to $541.6 million for the six months ended March 29, 2025. As a percentage of net sales, total cost of goods sold improved from 80.5% to 79.3%, primarily due to the impact of ongoing pricing actions taken by management that exceeded the impact of increasing costs resulting from inflationary pressures and the imposition of tariffs relating to the procurement of inventory. The improvement was also impacted by product and customer mix changes.

Bus segment cost of goods sold increased $1.2 million, or 0.2%, for the six months ended March 28, 2026 compared to the six months ended March 29, 2025. The increase was primarily driven by the 3.5% increase in the average cost of goods sold per unit in the six months ended March 28, 2026 compared to the same period in fiscal 2025. This increase primarily resulted from increases in manufacturing costs attributable to a) increased raw materials costs resulting from ongoing inflationary pressures and the imposition of tariffs beginning during the second half of fiscal 2025 and b) ongoing supply chain disruptions that resulted in higher purchase costs for components. The increase was also impacted by customer and product mix changes. However, it was partially offset by the 3.2% decrease in units booked as discussed above.

The $1.1 million, or 4.3%, increase in parts segment cost of goods sold for the six months ended March 28, 2026 compared to the six months ended March 29, 2025 was primarily attributable to increased product costs due to inflationary pressures and tariffs as well as slight variations due to product and channel mix.

Operating profit. Operating profit was $76.8 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026, an increase of $10.0 million compared to operating profit of $66.8 million for the six months ended March 29, 2025. Profitability was positively impacted by an increase of $10.7 million in gross profit as outlined in the revenue and cost of goods sold discussions. However, it was negatively impacted by an increase of $0.7 million in selling, general and administrative expenses during the first six months of fiscal 2026 when compared with the same period in fiscal 2025, primarily due to an increase in (a) research and development expense and (b) labor costs. However, such increases were partially offset by a significant decrease in share-based compensation expense recorded in the second quarter of fiscal 2025 resulting from the retirement of our former President and Chief Executive Officer, with no similar significant expense recorded for the acceleration of vesting of stock awards in the second quarter of fiscal 2026.

28


Interest expense. Interest expense was $3.1 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026, a decrease of $0.6 million, or 16.6%, compared to $3.7 million for the six months ended March 29, 2025. The decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease in the stated term loan interest rate from 6.2% at March 29, 2025 to 5.5% at March 28, 2026, as well as lower outstanding borrowings in the first six months of fiscal 2026 compared to the first six months of fiscal 2025.

Other income (expense), net. Other expense, net was $3.1 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026, an increase of $6.5 million, or 193.2%, compared to $3.4 million of other income, net for the six months ended March 29, 2025.

The Company recorded $0.5 million of net periodic pension expense during the six months ended March 28, 2026 when compared with $0.9 million of net periodic pension income recorded during the six months ended March 29, 2025.

Additionally, during the second quarter of fiscal 2026, the Company incurred approximately $2.7 million of pretax costs relating to the acquisition of the remaining 50% of the outstanding common stock of Micro Bird effective April 1, 2026, with no such costs incurred during the the six months ended March 29, 2025. The costs incurred relating to this transaction were recorded in other expense, net as they are not indicative of our normal operating activities. See Note 13 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report for a more detailed discussion of this transaction.

Finally, during the first quarter of fiscal 2025, the Company sold certain state emissions credits that it was not projecting to use for approximately $2.6 million, with no similar income recorded during the the first six months of fiscal 2026. The proceeds from this sale were recorded in other income, net as this transaction is not indicative of our normal revenue generating activities.

Income taxes. Income tax expense was $18.2 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 compared to $17.8 million for the six months ended March 29, 2025.

The effective tax rate for the six months ended March 28, 2026 was 24.5% and differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21%. The increase was primarily due to the impacts from state taxes and certain permanent items on the federal rate, which were partially offset by the impacts from federal and state tax credits (net of valuation allowances) and discrete period items during the period.

The effective tax rate for the six months ended March 29, 2025 was 25.8% and differed from the statutory federal income tax rate of 21%. The increase was primarily due to the impacts from state taxes and certain permanent items on the federal rate, which were partially offset by the impacts from federal and state tax credits (net of valuation allowances) and discrete period items during the period.

Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA was $100.9 million, or 14.7% of net sales, for the six months ended March 28, 2026, an increase of $5.9 million, or 6.2%, compared to $95.0 million, or 14.1% of net sales, for the six months ended March 29, 2025. The increase primarily relates to the increase in (i) gross profit, when adjusted for the impact of expenses that are excluded in calculating Adjusted EBITDA, as outlined in the revenue and cost of goods sold discussions above and (ii) Micro Bird earnings, when adjusted for the impact of expenses that are excluded in calculating Adjusted EBITDA as outlined in the table below, that were partially offset by (iii) an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses, when adjusting for the impact of expenses that are excluded in calculating Adjusted EBITDA, as discussed above and (iv) a decrease in other income, net, when adjusted for the impact of expenses that are excluded in calculating Adjusted EBITDA, as discussed above.
29


The following table sets forth a reconciliation of net income to Adjusted EBITDA for the periods presented:
Six Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Net income$60,057 $54,768 
Adjustments:
Interest (income) expense, net (1)
(486)1,066 
Income tax expense18,221 17,822 
Depreciation, amortization and disposals (2)
9,244 8,494 
Micro Bird acquisition costs
2,673 — 
Share-based compensation expense
4,027 9,940 
Micro Bird total interest expense, net; income tax expense or benefit; depreciation expense and amortization expense
7,136 2,869 
Adjusted EBITDA$100,872 $94,959 
Adjusted EBITDA margin (percentage of net sales)14.7 %14.1 %
(1)    Includes $0.3 million and $0.2 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, representing interest expense on operating lease liabilities, which are a component of lease expense and presented within cost of goods sold or selling, general and administrative expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.
(2)    Includes $1.2 million and $0.8 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 and March 29, 2025, respectively, representing amortization charges on right-of-use lease assets, which are a component of lease expense and presented within cost of goods sold or selling, general and administrative expenses on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company’s primary sources of liquidity are cash generated from its operations, available cash and cash equivalents and borrowings under its revolving credit facility. At March 28, 2026, the Company had $275.9 million of available cash (net of outstanding checks) and $141.7 million of additional borrowings available under the revolving line of credit portion of its credit facility. The Company’s revolving line of credit is available for working capital requirements, capital expenditures and other general corporate purposes.

Credit Agreement

On November 17, 2023 (the “Closing Date”), BBBC ("Borrower") executed a $250.0 million five-year credit agreement with Bank of Montreal, acting as administrative agent and an issuing bank; several joint lead arranger partners and issuing banks, including Bank of America; and a syndicate of other lenders (the "Credit Agreement").

The credit facilities provided for under the Credit Agreement consist of a term loan facility in an aggregate initial principal amount of $100.0 million (the “Term Loan Facility”) and a revolving credit facility with aggregate commitments of $150.0 million. The revolving credit facility includes a $25.0 million letter of credit sub-facility and $5.0 million swingline sub-facility (the “Revolving Credit Facility,” and together with the Term Loan Facility, each a “Credit Facility” and collectively, the “Credit Facilities”).

A minimum of $100.0 million of additional term loans and/or revolving credit commitments may be incurred under the Credit Agreement, subject to certain limitations as set forth in the Credit Agreement, and which additional loans and/or commitments would require further commitments from existing lenders or from new lenders.

Borrower has the right to prepay the loans outstanding under the Credit Facilities without premium or penalty (subject to customary breakage costs, if applicable). Additionally, proceeds from asset sales, condemnation, casualty insurance and/or debt issuances (in certain circumstances) are required to be used to prepay borrowings outstanding under the Credit Facilities. Borrowings under the Term Loan Facility, which were made at the Closing Date, may not be reborrowed once they are repaid while borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility may be repaid and reborrowed from time to time at our election.

The Term Loan Facility is subject to amortization of principal, payable in equal quarterly installments on the last day of each fiscal quarter, which commenced on March 30, 2024, with 5.0% of the $100.0 million aggregate principal amount of all initial term loans outstanding at the Closing Date payable each year prior to the maturity date of the Term Loan Facility. The remaining initial aggregate principal amount outstanding under the Term Loan Facility, as well as any outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, will be payable on the November 17, 2028 maturity date of the Credit Agreement.

30


The Credit Facilities are guaranteed by all of the Company’s wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries (subject to customary exceptions) and are secured by a security agreement that pledges a lien on virtually all of the assets of Borrower, the Company and the Company’s other wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries, other than any owned or leased real property and subject to customary exceptions.

Under the terms of the Credit Agreement, Borrower, the Company and the Company’s other wholly-owned domestic restricted subsidiaries are subject to customary affirmative and negative covenants and events of default for facilities of this type (with customary grace periods, as applicable, and lender remedies).

Borrowings under the Credit Facilities bear interest, at our option, at (i) base rate ("ABR") or (ii) the Secured Overnight Financing Rate as administered by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York ("SOFR") plus 0.10%, plus an applicable margin depending on the TNLR (which is defined in the Credit Agreement as the ratio of consolidated net debt to consolidated EBITDA on a trailing four quarter basis) of the Company as follows:

Level
TNLR
ABR Loans
SOFR Loans
I
Less than 1.00x
0.75%1.75%
II
Greater than or equal to 1.00x and less than 1.50x
1.50%2.50%
III
Greater than or equal to 1.50x and less than 2.25x
2.00%3.00%
IV
Greater than or equal to 2.25x
2.25%3.25%

Pricing on the Closing Date was set at Level III until receipt of the financial information and related compliance certificate for the first fiscal quarter ending after the Closing Date, with pricing as of March 28, 2026 set at Level I.

Borrower is also required to pay lenders an unused commitment fee of between 0.25% and 0.45% per annum on the undrawn commitments under the Revolving Credit Facility, depending on the TNLR, quarterly in arrears.

The Credit Agreement also includes a requirement that the Company comply with the following financial covenants on the last day of each fiscal quarter through maturity: (i) a pro forma TNLR of not greater than 3.00:1.00 and (ii) a pro forma fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of not less than 1.20:1.00.

At March 28, 2026, Borrower and the guarantors under the Credit Agreement were in compliance with all covenants.

First Amended Credit Agreement

On March 31, 2026, in anticipation of the Micro Bird acquisition closing on the following day (see Note 13 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) included in Part I, Item 1 of this Report for a more detailed discussion of this transaction), BBBC executed an amendment to the Credit Agreement (the "First Amended Credit Agreement"), by and among BBBC, the Company and Bank of Montreal, acting as administrative agent, together with the other lenders.

The First Amended Credit Agreement primarily provides for an increase in the letter of credit sub-facility component of the Revolving Credit Facility from $25.0 million to $60.0 million, although it did not change the $150.0 million aggregate commitments limitation for the Revolving Credit Facility. It also designates certain revolving credit facility indebtedness that may be incurred by Micro Bird outside of the terms of the First Amended Credit Agreement as permitted indebtedness, although the maximum amount of such indebtedness is initially capped at $50.0 million but decreases to $30.0 million upon the completion of certain pre-specified conditions that generally must be finalized within 90 days following the closing of the acquisition. The Micro Bird revolving credit facility generally exists to support the financing of certain of its inventory purchases, with the increase in the letter of credit sub-facility component of the Company's Revolving Credit Facility securing Micro Bird's obligations under the terms of its revolving credit facility. Subsequent to the Company repaying all of Micro Bird's bank debt obligations in connection with the closing of the acquisition, there were no amounts outstanding on its revolving credit facility on April 1, 2026.

Under the terms of the First Amended Credit Agreement, Micro Bird's Canadian legal entities will not become parties thereto. However, the Credit Facilities are required to be secured by a security agreement that pledges a lien on 65% of the value of their issued and outstanding capital stock entitled to vote that generally must be finalized within 90 days following the closing of the acquisition.

None of the other significant terms of the Credit Agreement discussed above were modified in connection with executing the First Amended Credit Agreement.

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Short-Term and Long-Term Liquidity Requirements

Our ability to make principal and interest payments on borrowings under our Credit Facilities, as applicable, and our ability to fund planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future, which, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, regulatory and other conditions. Based on the current level of operations, we believe that our existing cash balances and expected cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet our operating requirements for at least the next 12 months.

To increase our liquidity in future periods, we could pursue raising additional capital via an equity or debt offering utilizing a currently effective "automatic shelf" registration statement. However, we can offer no assurance that we would be successful in raising this additional capital, which could also lead to increased expense and larger up-front fees when compared with our historical financial statements.

Seasonality

Historically, our business has been highly seasonal with school districts buying their new school buses so that they will be available for use on the first day of the school year, typically in mid-August to early September. This has, in fiscal years prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, resulted in our third and fourth fiscal quarters representing our two busiest quarters from a sales and production perspective, the latter ending on the Saturday closest to September 30. Our quarterly results of operations, cash flows, and liquidity have historically been, and are likely to be in future periods, impacted by seasonal patterns. Working capital has historically been a significant use of cash during the first fiscal quarter due to planned shutdowns and a significant source of cash generation in the fourth fiscal quarter. With the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent supply chain constraints, seasonality and working capital trends have become unpredictable. Seasonality and variations from historical seasonality have impacted the comparison of working capital and liquidity results between fiscal periods.

Cash Flows

The following table sets forth general information derived from our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows:
Six Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
$229,313 $127,687 
Total cash provided by operating activities84,340 54,180 
Total cash used in investing activities(13,509)(14,116)
Total cash used in financing activities(24,251)(37,002)
Change in cash and cash equivalents
$46,580 $3,062 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$275,893 $130,749 

Total cash provided by operating activities

Cash flows provided by operating activities totaled $84.3 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026, an increase of $30.2 million from the $54.2 million of cash flows provided by operating activities during the six months ended March 29, 2025.

The increase primarily resulted from (i) the $5.3 million increase in net income and (ii) the effect of net changes in operating assets and liabilities that positively impacted operating cash flows by $21.7 million, both during the six months ended March 28, 2026 when compared with the six months ended March 29, 2025. The primary drivers in the changes in operating assets and liabilities were favorable changes in inventories and accrued expenses, pension and other liabilities of $30.7 million and $60.9 million, respectively, that were partially offset by unfavorable changes in accounts receivable and accounts payable of $35.6 million and $35.0 million, respectively, as follows:

We had a larger increase in the balance of our inventory during the first half of fiscal 2025 when compared with the first half of fiscal 2026 (that resulted in a significant decrease in the use of cash when comparing periods). Specifically, the bus orders that we produced during the first half of fiscal 2025 contained a larger mix of units for certain customers, primarily fleet and specific governmental customers, for which the sales cycle is longer when compared with sales to dealers, resulting in significant increases in work in process and finished goods inventories as of March 29, 2025 when compared with March 28, 2026. Additionally, during the first half of fiscal 2025, we elected to strategically acquire larger quantities of certain critical components that have longer lead times and could impact our production schedule in future periods if not manufactured by our suppliers and delivered to us in a timely manner when compared with similar activity in the first half of fiscal 2026.
32



There was a large increase in accrued expenses, pension and other liabilities (that resulted in a significant source of cash) during the first half of fiscal 2026 when compared with a large decrease (that resulted in a significant use of cash) during the first half of fiscal 2025. The increase in fiscal 2026 was primarily driven by a $42.8 million advanced payment made by a customer in the first half of fiscal 2026, with no similar activity in the first quarter of fiscal 2025. The decrease in fiscal 2025 primarily resulted from a decrease in accrued income taxes, primarily due to the timing of income tax payments that impacted the balances at the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2025 when compared with the comparable period in fiscal 2026.

A shift in our customer mix resulted in an increase in the accounts receivable balance towards the end of fiscal 2024, when compared with the end of fiscal 2025. Specifically, we had a significant increase in fleet revenue towards the end of fiscal 2024 relating to school buses that were delivered to coincide with the start of the new school year, with such revenue representing the majority of sales we make on credit. During the six months ended March 29, 2025, the accounts receivable balances relating to fiscal 2024 fleet revenue were collected, representing a significant cash inflow. As the accounts receivable balance at the end of fiscal 2025 was significantly lower than the balance at the end of fiscal 2024 due to a significant reduction in sales we made on credit at the end of each respective period, the amount of accounts receivable collected during the six months ended March 28, 2026 was significantly lower when compared with the same period in fiscal 2025.

There was a net decrease in accounts payable (that resulted in a significant increase in the use of cash) during the first half of fiscal 2026 when compared with the the first half of fiscal 2025. This decrease primarily resulted from decreases in (i) our production volume and (ii) our strategic acquisition of certain critical components, both during the the six months ended March 28, 2026 when compared with the six months ended March 29, 2025 as described previously above.

Total cash used in investing activities

Cash flows used in investing activities totaled $13.5 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 as compared to $14.1 million for the six months ended March 29, 2025.

Total cash used in financing activities

Cash flows used in financing activities totaled $24.3 million for the six months ended March 28, 2026 as compared to $37.0 million for the six months ended March 29, 2025, resulting in a $12.8 million decrease between fiscal periods.

During the six months ended March 28, 2026, the Company purchased $10.1 million less common stock in connection with its share repurchase programs than it did during the same period ended March 29, 2025. Additionally, there was a $1.8 million decrease in purchases of Company common stock in connection with stock award exercises during the six months ended March 28, 2026 when compared with the same period ended March 29, 2025. Finally, there was a $0.6 million decrease in principal payments on financing leases, which expired in fiscal 2025 and accordingly, there was no similar activity in the six months ended March 28, 2026.

Free cash flow

Management believes the non-GAAP measurement of Free Cash Flow, defined as net cash provided by operating activities less cash paid for fixed assets and acquired intangible assets, fairly represents the Company’s ability to generate surplus cash that could fund activities not in the ordinary course of business. See “Key Non-GAAP Financial Measures We Use to Evaluate Our Performance” for further discussion. The following table sets forth the calculation of Free Cash Flow for the periods presented:
Six Months Ended
(in thousands of dollars)March 28, 2026March 29, 2025
Net cash provided by operating activities$84,340 $54,180 
Cash paid for fixed assets(13,319)(13,616)
Free Cash Flow
$71,021 $40,564 

Free Cash Flow for the six months ended March 28, 2026 was $30.5 million higher than for the six months ended March 29, 2025 due to a $30.2 million increase in net cash provided by operating activities and a $0.3 million decrease in cash paid for fixed assets, both as discussed above.
33



Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We had outstanding letters of credit totaling $8.3 million at March 28, 2026 that secure our (a) self-insured workers compensation program and (b) performance obligations relating to certain environmental matters, the collateral for both of which is regulated by the State of Georgia.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.

There have not been any material changes to our interest rate, commodity or currency risks previously disclosed in Part II, Item 7A of the Company’s fiscal 2025 Form 10-K.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

The Company maintains a system of disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) that are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in its reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including, as appropriate, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

Based on their evaluations, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 28, 2026.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fiscal quarter ended March 28, 2026 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
34


PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Items required under Part II not specifically shown below are not applicable.

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

Blue Bird is engaged in legal proceedings in the ordinary course of its business. Although no assurances can be given about the final outcome of pending legal proceedings, at the present time management does not believe that the resolution or outcome of any of Blue Bird’s pending legal proceedings will have a material adverse effect on its financial condition, liquidity or results of operations.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

In addition to the other information set forth in this Report, you should carefully consider the risk factors discussed in Part I, Item 1A of the Company's fiscal 2025 Form 10-K. Such risk factors are expressly incorporated herein by reference and they could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, cash flows or operating results.

The risks described in the fiscal 2025 Form 10-K are not the only risks facing the Company. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial may also materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, cash flows and/or operating results.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

Issuer Repurchase of Equity Securities

On January 31, 2024, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized and approved a share repurchase program for up to $60 million of outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock over a period of 24 months, expiring January 31, 2026. On August 5, 2025, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized and approved a second share repurchase program for up to $100 million of outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock, expiring January 1, 2028.

Under both share repurchase programs, the Company may repurchase shares through open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, accelerated share repurchase transactions, block purchases or otherwise in accordance with applicable federal securities laws, including Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act.

The Board of Directors also authorized the Company to enter into written trading plans pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act. Adopting a trading plan that satisfies the conditions of Rule 10b5-1 allows a company to repurchase its shares at times when it might otherwise be prevented from doing so due to self-imposed trading blackout periods or pursuant to insider trading laws. The Company may from time to time enter into Rule 10b5-1 trading plans to facilitate the repurchase of its common stock pursuant to its share repurchase program.

The timing, manner, price, and number of shares to be repurchased will be at the discretion of Company management. The repurchase programs do not obligate Blue Bird to acquire any specific amount of securities and can be modified or terminated at any time without notice. Repurchases under these programs are expected to be funded from one or a combination of existing cash balances, future free cash flow, or indebtedness.

The share repurchases during the first quarter of fiscal 2026 resulted in the Company utilizing all $60.0 million that was authorized under the initial share repurchase program prior to its expiration date.

35


Share repurchase activity under the share repurchase programs, on a trade date basis, for each fiscal month in the quarter ended March 28, 2026, was as follows:
Period by fiscal month
Total number of shares repurchased
Average price paid per share (in dollars) (1)
Total number of shares repurchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs (2)
Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the plans or programs (in millions)
December 28, 2025 - January 24, 2026101,670 $49.07 101,670 $90.6 
January 25 - February 21, 2026— — — 90.6 
February 22 - March 28, 2026— — — 90.6 
Total101,670 101,670 
(1)    Average price paid per share includes costs associated with the repurchases, except for the cost of any associated excise tax.
(2)    All share repurchases were made under the $100.0 million repurchase program approved on August 5, 2025 that expires on January 1, 2028.

Item 5. Other Information.

(c)    On March 4, 2026, Razvan Radulescu, the Company's Chief Financial Officer, entered into a new trading plan intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act, providing for the sale of up to 9,400 shares of the Company's common stock. Pursuant to this plan, Mr. Radulescu may sell shares beginning December 10, 2026 and ending December 15, 2026.

During the second quarter of fiscal 2026, none of the Company's other directors or officers adopted or terminated any "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or any "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

36


Item 6. Exhibits.
        
The following Exhibits are filed with this Report:

Exhibit No.Description
2.1
2.2
2.3
3.1
3.2*
3.3
3.4
10.1*†
10.2*†
31.1*
31.2*
32.1*
101.INS*^XBRL Instance Document
101.SCH*^XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*^XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*^XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*^XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE*^XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)
*      Filed herewith.
†     Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
^    In accordance with Regulation S-T, XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language) related information in Exhibit No. 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q shall be deemed “furnished” and not “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, and shall not be incorporated by reference into any registration statement pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.
37


SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.


Blue Bird Corporation
Dated:May 6, 2026 /s/ John Wyskiel
John Wyskiel
President and Chief Executive Officer
Dated:May 6, 2026 /s/ Razvan Radulescu
Razvan Radulescu
Chief Financial Officer

38
Delaware
The First State
Page 1
I, CHARUNI PATIBANDA-SANCHEZ, SECRETARY OF STATE OF THE STATE OF
DELAWARE, DO HEREBY CERTIFY THE ATTACHED IS A TRUE AND CORRECT COPY OF
THE CERTIFICATE OF DESIGNATION OF “BLUE BIRD CORPORATION”, FILED IN
THIS OFFICE ON THE ELEVENTH DAY OF MARCH, A.D. 2026, AT 12:26 O`CLOCK
P.M.
image_0a.jpg
floatingimage_0a.jpg
5403756 8100Authentication: 203411065
SR# 20261136190Date: 03-19-26
You may verify this certificate online at corp.delaware.gov/authver.shtml
imagea.jpg
STATE OF DELAWARE
CERTIFICATE OF AMENDMENT TO THE
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED CERTIFICATE OF
INCORPORATION OF BLUE BIRD CORPORATION
(FORMERLY HENNESSY CAPITAL ACQUISITION CORP.)
Blue Bird Corporation, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of Delaware
(the "Corporation"), does hereby certify as follows:
1.Article VIII, Section 8.1 of the Corporation's Second Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation, is hereby amended to read in its entirety as set forth below"
"ARTICLE VII
LIMITED LIABILITY; INDEMNIFICATION"
"Section 8.1. Limitation of Director and Officer Liability. A director or officer (as
applicable) of the Corporation shall note be liable to the Corporation or its
stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director or
officer, except to the extent such exemption from liability or limitation thereof is not
permitted under the DGCL as the same exists or hereafter may be amended. Any
amendment, modification or repeal of the foregoing sentence shall not adversely
affect any right or protection of a director or officer of the corporation hereunder in
respect of any act or omission occurring prior to the time of such amendment,
modification or repeal. All references to an "officer"in this Section 8.1 of Article VIII
shall mean only a person who, at the time of an act or omission as to which liability is
asserted, falls within the meaning of the term "officer"as defined in Section 102(b)(7)
of the DGCL."
2.The foregoing amendment to the Corporation's Second Amended and Restated Certificate of
Incorporation was duly adopted in accordance with the provisions of Section 242 of the
General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Certificate of Amendment to be executed
by Ted M. Scartz, its Senior Vice President and General Counsel and Secretary, this 11th day of
March, 2026.
/s/ Ted M. Scartz
Name: Ted M. Scartz
Title:    Senior Vice President,
            General Counsel and Secretary

Exhibit 10.1
BLUE BIRD CORPORATION
AMENDED AND RESTATED
2015 OMNIBUS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
(EFFECTIVE NOVEMBER 21, 2025)
1. Purpose and History

The purpose of the Blue Bird Corporation Amended and Restated 2015 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (the "Plan") is to provide a means whereby eligible employees, officers, non-employee directors and other individual service providers develop a sense of proprietorship and personal involvement in the development and financial success of the Company and to encourage them to devote their best efforts to the business of the Company, thereby advancing the interests of the Company and its shareholders. The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to retain the services of such eligible persons and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and its Subsidiaries.

The Plan permits the grant of Nonqualified Stock Options, Incentive Stock Options, Stock Appreciation Rights, Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares, Performance Units, Incentive Bonus Awards, Other Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Awards.

This Plan originally became effective on February 24, 2015, and was subsequently amended and restated upon the date set forth in Section 18.1 hereof.

2. Definitions

Wherever the following capitalized terms are used in the Plan, they shall have the meanings specified below:

2.1 "Affiliate" means, with respect to a Person, a Person that directly or indirectly Controls, or is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such Person.

2.2 "Applicable Law'' means the requirements relating to the administration of equity-based awards or equity compensation plans under U.S. state corporate laws, U.S. federal and state securities laws, the Code, any stock exchange or quotation system on which the Common Stock is listed or quoted and the applicable laws of any foreign country or jurisdiction where Awards are, or will be, granted under the Plan.

2.3 "Award" means an award of a Stock Option, a Stock Appreciation Right, a Restricted Stock, a Restricted Stock Unit, a Performance Share, a Performance Unit, an Incentive Bonus Award, an Other Cash-Based Award and/or an Other Stock-Based Award granted under the Plan.

2.4 "Award Agreement" means either (i) a written or electronic agreement entered into between the Company and a Participant setting forth the terms and conditions of an Award including any amendment or modification therefore, or (ii) a written or electronic statement issued by the Company to a Participant describing the terms and provisions of such Award, including any amendment or modification thereof. The Committee may provide for the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper Award Agreements, and the use of electronic, internet or other non-paper means for the acceptance thereof and actions thereunder by a Participant. Each Award Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and need not be identical.
1




2.5 "Board" means the Board of Directors of the Company.

2.6 "Change in Control" means the occurrence of any one of the following events:

(i)    any Person, other than a "Permitted Investor" as defined below, becomes a "beneficial owner" (as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing (A) more than 50% of the total voting power of the Company's then outstanding securities generally eligible to vote for the election of directors (the "Company Voting Securities"); provided, however, that a Non-Qualifying Transaction (as defined in paragraph (ii) below) shall not be a Change in Control. A "Permitted Investor" means (1) any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Company or any Subsidiary, or (2) an underwriter temporarily holding securities pursuant to an offering of such securities;

(ii)    the consummation, after the Effective Date, of a merger, consolidation, statutory share exchange or similar form of corporate transaction involving the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (a "Business Combination"), unless immediately following such Business Combination:

(a)    Company Voting Securities that were outstanding immediately prior to such Business Combination represent more than 50% of the total voting power of (x) the corporation resulting from such Business Combination (the "Surviving Corporation"), or (y) if applicable, the ultimate parent corporation that directly or indirectly has beneficial ownership of a majority of the voting securities eligible to elect directors of the Surviving Corporation (the "Parent Corporation"); provided, however, that if Company Voting Securities were converted pursuant to such Business Combination, then for purposes of this paragraph, "Company Voting Securities" shall mean the shares resulting from such conversion,

(b)    no Person, other than a Permitted Investor or any employee benefit plan (or related trust) sponsored or maintained by the Surviving Corporation or the Parent Corporation, is or becomes the beneficial owner, directly or indirectly, of securities of the Parent Corporation (or, if there is no Parent Corporation, the Surviving Corporation) representing (A) 50% or more of the total voting power of the securities then outstanding generally eligible to vote for the election of directors of the Parent Corporation (or the Surviving Corporation) (the "Parent Voting Securities"), and (B) a greater percentage of the then outstanding Parent Voting Securities that are then held by all the Permitted Investors in the aggregate, and

(c)    at least a majority of the members of the board of directors of the Parent Corporation (or, if there is no Parent Corporation, the Surviving Corporation) following the consummation of the Business Combination were incumbent directors at the time of the Board's approval of the execution of the initial agreement providing for such Business Combination (it being understood that any Business Combination that satisfies all of the criteria specified in (a) and (b) above and this clause (c) shall be deemed to be a "Non-Qualifying Transaction");

(iii)    the shareholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation or dissolution of the Company; or

(iv)    the consummation of a sale of all or substantially all of the Company's assets to an entity that is not an Affiliate of the Company (other than pursuant to a Non-Qualifying Transaction).

2



Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Change in Control of the Company shall not be deemed to occur solely because any Person acquires beneficial ownership of more than 50% of Company Voting Securities as a result of the acquisition of Company Voting Securities by the Company which reduces the number of Company Voting Securities outstanding; provided, that if after such acquisition by the Company such Person becomes the beneficial owner of additional Company Voting Securities that increases the percentage of outstanding Company Voting Securities beneficially owned by such Person, a Change in Control of the Company may then occur. For the avoidance of doubt, (a) an increase in the number of shares of Company Voting Securities (or, if applicable, shares into which Company Voting Securities are converted pursuant to a Business Combination) beneficially owned by a Permitted Investor or an increase in the percentage of Company Voting Securities (or, if applicable, shares into which Company Voting Securities are converted pursuant to a Business Combination) beneficially owned by one or more Permitted Investors shall not constitute a Change in Control and (b) a Business Combination that results in the Permitted Investors owning more than 50% of the total voting power of the Surviving Corporation or, if applicable, the Parent Corporation, shall not constitute a Change of Control.

2.7 "Code" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. For purposes of this Plan, references to sections of the Code shall be deemed to include references to any applicable regulations thereunder and any successor or similar provision.

2.8 "Committee" means the committee of the Board delegated with the authority to administer the Plan, or the full Board, as provided in Section 3 of the Plan. The Board may at any time appoint additional members to the Committee, remove and replace members of the Committee with or without cause, and fill vacancies on the Committee however caused.

2.9 "Common Stock" means the Company's Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share.

2.10 "Company" means Blue Bird Corporation, a Delaware corporation, and any successor thereto as provided in Section 16.8.

2.11 "Control" means, as to any Person, the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of such Person, or the power to appoint directors of the Company, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise (the terms "Controlled by" and "under common Control with" shall have correlative meanings).

2.12 "Date of Grant" means the date on which an Award under the Plan is granted by the Committee, or such later date as the Committee may specify to be the effective date of an Award.

2.13 "Disability" means a Participant being considered "disabled" within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code.

2.14 "Effective Date" means the date set forth in Section 18.1 hereof.

2.15 "Eligible Person" means any person who is an employee, officer, director, consultant, advisor or other individual service provider of the Company or any Subsidiary, or any person who is determined by the Committee to be a prospective employee, officer, director, consultant, advisor or other individual service provider of the Company or any Subsidiary. An entity providing consulting, advisory or other services to the Company or any Subsidiary may be an Eligible Person provided that such entity qualifies as a "natural person" according to applicable guidance under Form S-8 and Rule 701 of the Securities Act.

2.16 "Exchange Act" means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

3



2.17 "Fair Market Value" means, as applied to a specific date, the opening, closing, actual, high, low or average selling price of a share of Common Stock reported on any established stock exchange or national market system on the applicable date, the preceding trading day, the next succeeding trading day, or an average of trading days, as determined by the Committee consistent with Applicable Law (including Section 409A of the Code). Unless the Committee determines otherwise or unless otherwise specified in an Award Agreement, Fair Market Value, as applied to a specific date, shall be deemed to be the closing price of a share of Common Stock on the most recent date on which shares of Common Stock were publicly traded. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the shares of Common Stock are not traded on any established stock exchange or national market system, Fair Market Value means the price of a share of Common Stock as determined by the Committee in its discretion in a manner consistent with Applicable Law (including Section 409A of the Code).

2.18 "Full Value Award" shall mean any Award other than a Stock Option, Stock Appreciation Right or other Award for which the Participant pays the intrinsic value of the Award (whether directly or by forgoing a right to receive a cash payment from the Company).

2.19 "Incentive Bonus Award" means an Award granted under Section 12 of the Plan.

2.20 "Incentive Stock Option" means a Stock Option granted under Section 6 hereof that is intended to meet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

2.21 "Nonqualified Stock Option" means a Stock Option granted under Section 6 hereof that is not an Incentive Stock Option.

2.22 "Other Cash-Based Award" means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 13 hereof entitling such Eligible Person to receive a cash payment at such times, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.

2.23 "Other Stock-Based Award" means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 13 representing a notional unit interest equal in value to a share of Common Stock to be paid and distributed at such times, and subject to such conditions as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.

2.24 "Participant" means any Eligible Person who holds an outstanding Award under the Plan.

2.25 "Performance Measures" mean the measures of performance of the Company and its Subsidiaries as defined in Section 14 of the Plan.

2.26 "Person" shall mean any individual, partnership, firm, trust, corporation, limited liability company or other similar entity. When two or more Persons act as a partnership, limited partnership, syndicate or other group for the purpose of acquiring, holding or disposing of Common Stock, such partnership, limited partnership, syndicate or group shall be deemed a "Person".

2.27 "Performance Share Award" means an award of Performance Shares.

2.28 "Performance Shares" means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 10 hereof representing a notional unit interest equal in value to a share of Common Stock to be paid and distributed at such times, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.

2.29 "Performance Unit" means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 11 hereof representing a notional dollar interest as determined by the Committee to be paid and distributed
4



at such times, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.

2.30 "Performance Unit Award" means an award of Performance Units.

2.31 "Plan" means this Amended and Restated Blue Bird Corporation 2015 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, as it may be amended from time to time.

2.32 "Reporting Person" means an officer, director or greater than ten percent shareholder of the Company within the meaning of Rule 16a-2 under the Exchange Act, who is required to file reports pursuant to Rule 16a-3 under the Exchange Act.

2.33 "Restricted Stock" means shares of Common Stock granted to an Eligible Person under Section 8 hereof that are issued subject to such vesting and transfer restrictions and such other conditions as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.

2.34 "Restricted Stock Award" means a grant of Restricted Stock.

2.35 "Restricted Stock Unit" means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 9 hereof representing notional unit interests equal in value to a share of Common Stock to be paid and distributed at such times, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.

2.36 "Restricted Stock Unit Award" means a grant of Restricted Stock Units.

2.37 "Section 162(m) Award" shall have the meaning assigned such term under Section 14 hereof.

2.38 "Securities Act" means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

2.39 "Service" means a Participant's employment or other service relationship with the Company or any Subsidiary.

2.40 "Stock Appreciation Right" means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 7 hereof entitling such Eligible Person to receive a payment, upon the exercise of such right, in such amount and at such time, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.

2.41 "Stock Option" means a contractual right granted to an Eligible Person under Section 6 hereof to purchase shares of Common Stock at such time and price, and subject to such conditions, as are set forth in the Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.

2.42 "Stockholders" Agreement" means an agreement between a Participant and the Company as contemplated by Section 16.11.

2.43 "Subsidiary" means an entity (whether or not a corporation) that is wholly or majority owned or controlled, directly or indirectly, by the Company; provided, however, that with respect to Incentive Stock Options, the term "Subsidiary" shall include only an entity that qualifies under Section 424(f) of the Code as a "subsidiary corporation" with respect to the Company.

3. Administration

3.1 Committee Members. The Plan shall be administered by the Committee; provided that the entire Board may act in lieu of the Committee on any matter. If and to the extent permitted by Applicable
5



Law, the Committee may authorize one or more Reporting Persons (or other officers) to make Awards to Eligible Persons who are not Reporting Persons (or other officers whom the Committee has specifically authorized to make Awards) Subject to Applicable Law and the restrictions set forth in the Plan, the Committee may delegate administrative functions to individuals who are Reporting Persons, officers, or employees of the Company or its Subsidiaries.

3.2 Committee Authority. The Committee shall have such powers and authority as may be necessary or appropriate for the Committee to carry out its functions as described in the Plan. Subject to the express limitations of the Plan, the Committee shall have authority in its discretion to determine the Eligible Persons to whom, and the time or times at which, Awards may be granted, the number of shares, units or other rights subject to each Award, the exercise, base or purchase price of an Award (if any), the time or times at which an Award will become vested, exercisable or payable, the performance criteria, performance goals and other conditions of an Award, the duration of the Award, and all other terms of the Award. Subject to the terms of the Plan, the Committee shall have the authority to amend the terms of an Award in any manner that is not inconsistent with the Plan (including to extend the post-termination exercisability period of Stock Options and Stock Appreciation Rights), provided that no such action shall adversely affect the rights of a Participant with respect to an outstanding Award without the Participant's consent. The Committee shall also have discretionary authority to interpret the Plan, to make all factual determinations under the Plan, and to make all other determinations necessary or advisable for Plan administration, including, without limitation, to correct any defect, to supply any omission or to reconcile any inconsistency in the Plan or any Award Agreement hereunder. The Committee may prescribe, amend, and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Plan. The Committee's determinations under the Plan need not be uniform and may be made by the Committee selectively among Participants and Eligible Persons, whether or not such persons are similarly situated. The Committee shall, in its discretion, consider such factors as it deems relevant in making its interpretations, determinations and actions under the Plan including, without limitation, the recommendations or advice of any officer or employee of the Company or such attorneys, consultants, accountants or other advisors as it may select. All interpretations, determinations, and actions by the Committee shall be final, conclusive, and binding upon all parties.

3.3 No Liability: Indemnification. Neither the Board nor any Committee member, nor any Person acting at the direction of the Board or the Committee, shall be liable for any act, omission, interpretation, construction or determination made in good faith with respect to the Plan, any Award or any Award Agreement. The Company and its Subsidiaries shall pay or reimburse any member of the Committee, as well as any other Person who takes action on behalf of the Plan, for all reasonable expenses incurred with respect to the Plan, and to the full extent allowable under Applicable Law shall indemnify each and every one of them for any claims, liabilities, and costs (including reasonable attorney's fees) arising out of their good faith performance of duties on behalf of the Company with respect to the Plan. The Company and its Subsidiaries may, but shall not be required to, obtain liability insurance for this purpose.

4. Shares Subject to the Plan

4.1 Share Limitation.

(a)    Subject to adjustment pursuant to Section 4.2 hereof, the maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock which may be issued under all Awards granted to Participants under the Plan shall be 6,100,000 shares, all of which may, but need not, be issued in respect of Incentive Stock Options. The maximum number of such shares of Common Stock which may be issued under the Plan as Full Value Awards is 3,400,000 shares. Shares of Common Stock issued under the Plan may be either authorized but unissued shares or shares held in the Company's treasury. Any shares of Common Stock subject to Awards that are settled in Common Stock shall be counted against the maximum share limitations of this Section 4.1 as one share of Common Stock for every share of Common Stock subject thereto, regardless of the number of shares of Common Stock actually issued to settle the Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right upon exercise.
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(b)    To the extent that any Award under the Plan payable in shares of Common Stock is forfeited, cancelled, returned to the Company for failure to satisfy vesting requirements or upon the occurrence of other forfeiture events, or otherwise terminates without payment being made thereunder, the shares of Common Stock covered thereby will no longer be counted against the foregoing maximum share limitations (including the limitation applicable to Full Value Awards if such shares of Common Stock relate to a Full Value Award) and may again be made subject to Awards under the Plan pursuant to such limitations. In addition, shares of Common Stock subject to Awards that are settled in cash (in lieu of shares) will not be counted against the foregoing maximum share limitations (including the limitation applicable to Full Value Awards if such shares of Common Stock relate to a Full Value Award) and may again be made subject to Awards under the Plan pursuant to such limitations. To the extent any shares of Common Stock issuable under the Plan are tendered (by either actual delivery or attestation) or withheld (i) to pay the exercise price of a Stock Option granted under this Plan or (ii) to satisfy tax withholding obligations associated with an Award granted under the Plan, the shares of Common Stock covered thereby shall be counted against the maximum share limitations set forth in paragraph (a) above and shall not be available for Awards under the Plan. To the extent any shares of Common Stock that were subject to a Stock Appreciation Right granted under the plan were not issued upon the exercise of such Stock Appreciation Right, the shares of Common Stock covered thereby shall be counted against the maximum share limitations set forth in paragraph (a) above and may not again be available for Awards under the Plan.

4.2 Adjustments. If there shall occur any change with respect to the outstanding shares of Common Stock by reason of any recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, extraordinary dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, or other distribution with respect to the shares of Common Stock, or any merger, reorganization, consolidation, combination, spin-off or other similar corporate change, or any other change affecting the Common Stock, the Committee shall, in the manner and to the extent that it deems appropriate and equitable to the Participants and consistent with the terms of the Plan, cause an adjustment to be made in (i) the maximum numbers and kind of shares provided in Section 4.1 hereof and Section 14.4 hereof, (ii) the numbers and kind of shares of Common Stock, units, or other rights subject to then outstanding Awards, (iii) the price for each share or unit or other right subject to then outstanding Awards, (iv) the performance measures or goals relating to the vesting of an Award and (v) any other terms of an Award that are affected by the event to prevent dilution or enlargement of a Participant's rights under an Award. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of Incentive Stock Options, any such adjustments shall, to the extent practicable, be made in a manner consistent with the requirements of Section 424(a) of the Code.

4.3 No Repricing. Except as provided in Section 4.2 or Section 15, the terms of an outstanding Award may not be amended, without prior stockholder approval, to: (i) reduce the exercise price of an outstanding Stock Option or the base price of an outstanding Stock Appreciation Right; (ii) cancel an outstanding Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right in exchange for a Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right with an exercise price or base price, as applicable, that is less than the exercise price of such cancelled Stock Option or the base price of such cancelled Stock Appreciation Right; or (iii) cancel an outstanding Stock Option or Stock Appreciation Right with an exercise price or base price, as applicable, that is greater than the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date of cancellation in exchange for cash or another Award.

5. Participation and Awards

5.1 Designation of Participants. All Eligible Persons are eligible to be designated by the Committee to receive Awards and become Participants under the Plan. The Committee has the authority, in its discretion, to determine and designate from time to time those Eligible Persons who are to be granted Awards, the types of Awards to be granted and the number of shares of Common Stock or units subject to Awards granted under the Plan. In selecting Eligible Persons to be Participants and in
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determining the type and amount of Awards to be granted under the Plan, the Committee shall consider any and all factors that it deems relevant or appropriate.

5.2 Determination of Awards. The Committee shall determine the terms and conditions of all Awards granted to Participants in accordance with its authority under Section 3.2 hereof. An Award may consist of one type of right or benefit hereunder or of two or more such rights or benefits granted in tandem or in the alternative. To the extent deemed appropriate by the Committee, an Award shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement as described in Section 16.1 hereof.

6. Stock Options

6.1 Grant of Stock Option. A Stock Option may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. Subject to the provisions of Section 6.6 hereof and Section 422 of the Code, each Stock Option shall be designated, in the discretion of the Committee, as an Incentive Stock Option or as a Nonqualified Stock Option.

6.2 Exercise Price. The exercise price per share of a Stock Option shall not be less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the Date of Grant, subject to adjustments as provided for under Section 4.2, provided that the Committee may in its discretion specify for any Stock Option an exercise price per share that is higher than the Fair Market Value on the Date of Grant.

6.3 Vesting of Stock Options. The Committee shall in its discretion prescribe the time or times at which, or the conditions upon which, a Stock Option or portion thereof shall become vested and/or exercisable. The requirements for vesting and exercisability of a Stock Option may be based on the continued Service of the Participant with the Company or a Subsidiary for a specified time period (or periods) or on the attainment of a specified performance goal (or goals) established by the Committee in its discretion. The Committee may, in its discretion, accelerate the vesting or exercisability of any Stock Option at any time. The Committee in its sole discretion may allow a Participant to exercise unvested Nonqualified Stock Options, in which case the shares of Common Stock then issued shall be Restricted Stock having analogous vesting restrictions to the unvested Nonqualified Stock Options.

6.4 Term of Stock Options. The Committee shall in its discretion prescribe in an Award Agreement the period during which a vested Stock Option may be exercised, provided that the maximum term of a Stock Option shall be ten (10) years from the Date of Grant. A Stock Option may be earlier terminated as specified by the Committee and set forth in an Award Agreement upon or following the termination of a Participant's Service with the Company or any Subsidiary, including by reason of voluntary resignation, death, Disability, termination for cause or any other reason. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 6 or in an Award Agreement as such agreement may be amended from time to time upon authorization of the Committee, no Stock Option may be exercised at any time during the term thereof unless the Participant is then in the Service of the Company or one of its Subsidiaries.

6.5 Stock Option Exercise: Tax Withholding. Subject to such terms and conditions as shall be specified in an Award Agreement, a Stock Option may be exercised in whole or in part at any time during the term thereof by notice in the form required by the Company, and payment of the aggregate exercise price by certified or bank check, or such other means as the Committee may accept. As set forth in an Award Agreement or otherwise determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion, at or after grant, payment in full or in part of the exercise price of an Option may be made: (i) in the form of shares of Common Stock that have been held by the Participant for such period as the Committee may deem appropriate for accounting purposes or otherwise, valued at the Fair Market Value of such shares on the date of exercise; (ii) by surrendering to the Company shares of Common Stock otherwise receivable on exercise of the Option; (iii) by a cashless exercise program implemented by the Committee in connection with the Plan; and/or (iv) by such other method as may be approved by the Committee and set forth in an Award Agreement. Subject to any governing rules or regulations, as soon as practicable after receipt of
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written notification of exercise and full payment of the exercise price and satisfaction of any applicable tax withholding pursuant to Section 17.5, the Company shall deliver to the Participant evidence of book entry shares of Common Stock, or upon the Participant's request, Common Stock certificates in an appropriate amount based upon the number of shares of Common Stock purchased under the Option. Unless otherwise determined by the Committee, all payments under all of the methods indicated above shall be paid in United States dollars or shares of Common Stock, as applicable.

6.6 Additional Rules for Incentive Stock Options.

(i)    Eligibility. An Incentive Stock Option may only be granted to an Eligible Person who is considered an employee under Treasury Regulation §1.421-1(h) of the Company or any Subsidiary.

(ii)    Annual Limits. No Incentive Stock Option shall be granted to an Eligible Person as a result of which the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined as of the Date of Grant) of the stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time in any calendar year under the Plan and any other stock option plans of the Company or any Subsidiary would exceed $100,000, determined in accordance with Section 422(d) of the Code. This limitation shall be applied by taking Incentive Stock Options into account in the order in which granted.

(iii)    Ten Percent Stockholders. If a Stock Option granted under the Plan is intended to be an Incentive Stock Option, and if the Participant, at the time of grant, owns stock possessing ten percent or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of Common Stock of the Company or any Subsidiary, then (A) the Stock Option exercise price per share shall in no event be less than 110 percent of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the date of such grant and (B) such Stock Option shall not be exercisable after the expiration of five (5) years following the date such Stock Option is granted.

(iv)    Termination of Employment. An Award of an Incentive Stock Option shall provide that such Stock Option may be exercised not later than three (3) months following termination of employment of the Participant with the Company and all Subsidiaries, or not later than one (1) year following death or a permanent and total disability within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code, as and to the extent determined by the Committee to comply with the requirements of Section 422 of the Code.

(v)    Disqualifying Dispositions. If shares of Common Stock acquired by exercise of an Incentive Stock Option are disposed of within two (2) years following the Date of Grant or one (1) year following the transfer of such shares to the Participant upon exercise, the Participant shall, promptly following such disposition, notify the Company in writing of the date and terms of such disposition and provide such other information regarding the disposition as the Company may reasonably require.

7. Stock Appreciation Rights

7.1 Grant of Stock Appreciation Rights. A Stock Appreciation Right may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. Stock Appreciation Rights may be granted on a basis that allows for the exercise of the right by the Participant or that provides for the automatic payment of the right upon a specified date or event.

7.2 Base Price. The base price of a Stock Appreciation Right shall be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion; provided, however, that the base price for any grant of a Stock Appreciation Right shall not be less than 100 percent of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the Date of Grant, subject to adjustments as provided for under Section 4.2.

7.3 Vesting Stock Appreciation Rights. The Committee shall in its discretion prescribe the time or times at which, or the conditions upon which, a Stock Appreciation Right or portion thereof shall become vested and/or exercisable. The requirements for vesting and exercisability of a Stock Appreciation Right may be based on the continued Service of a Participant with the Company or a Subsidiary for a specified
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time period (or periods) or on the attainment of a specified performance goal (or goals) established by the Committee in its discretion. The Committee may, in its discretion, accelerate the vesting or exercisability of any Stock Appreciation Right at any time.

7.4 Term of Stock Appreciation Rights. The Committee shall in its discretion prescribe in an Award Agreement the period during which a vested Stock Appreciation Right may be exercised, provided that the maximum term of a Stock Appreciation Right shall be ten (10) years from the Date of Grant. A Stock Appreciation Right may be earlier terminated as specified by the Committee and set forth in an Award Agreement upon or following the termination of a Participant's Service with the Company or any Subsidiary, including by reason of voluntary resignation, death, Disability, termination for cause or any other reason. Except as otherwise provided in this Section 7 or in an Award Agreement as such agreement may be amended from time to time upon authorization of the Committee, no Stock Appreciation Right may be exercised at any time during the term thereof unless the Participant is then in the Service of the Company or one of its Subsidiaries.

7.5 Payment of Stock Appreciation Rights. Subject to such terms and conditions as shall be specified in an Award Agreement, a vested Stock Appreciation Right may be exercised in whole or in part at any time during the term thereof by notice in the form required by the Company and payment of any exercise price. Upon the exercise of a Stock Appreciation Right and payment of any applicable exercise price, a Participant shall be entitled to receive an amount determined by multiplying: (i) the excess of the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date of exercise of the Stock Appreciation Right over the base price of such Stock Appreciation Right, by (ii) the number of shares as to which such Stock Appreciation Right is exercised. Payment of the amount determined under the immediately preceding sentence may be made, as approved by the Committee and set forth in the Award Agreement, in shares of Common Stock valued at their Fair Market Value on the date of exercise, in cash, or in a combination of shares of Common Stock and cash, subject to applicable tax withholding requirements set forth in Section 17.5. If Stock Appreciation Rights are settled in shares of Common Stock, then as soon as practicable following the date of settlement the Company shall deliver to the Participant evidence of book entry shares of Common Stock, or upon the Participant's request, Common Stock certificates in an appropriate amount.

8. Restricted Stock Awards

8.1 Grant of Restricted Stock Awards. A Restricted Stock Award may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. The Committee may require the payment by the Participant of a specified purchase price in connection with any Restricted Stock Award. The Committee may provide in an Award Agreement for the payment of dividends and distributions to the Participant at such times as paid to stockholders generally or at the times of vesting or other payment of the Restricted Stock Award. If dividends or other distributions are paid on Restricted Stock Awards subject to performance-based vesting conditions while such an Award remains subject to restrictions, the dividends or other distributions will be subject to the same restrictions as the shares of Common Stock to which they relate. The Committee may also subject the grant of any Restricted Stock Award to the execution of a voting agreement with the Company or with any Affiliate of the Company.

8.2 Vesting Requirements. The restrictions imposed on Restricted Stock shall lapse in accordance with the vesting requirements specified by the Committee in the Award Agreement. Upon vesting of Restricted Stock, the tax withholding requirement set forth in Section 17.5 shall apply. The requirements for vesting of Restricted Stock Award may be based on the continued Service of the Participant with the Company or its Subsidiaries for a specified time period (or periods) and/or on the attainment of a specified performance goal (or goals) established by the Committee in its discretion. The Committee may, in its discretion, accelerate the vesting of all or a portion of a Restricted Stock Award at any time. If the vesting requirements of Restricted Stock shall not be satisfied, the Restricted Stock shall be forfeited and shall be returned to the Company. In the event that the Participant paid any purchase price with respect to such forfeited shares, unless otherwise provided by the Committee in an Award
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Agreement, the Company will refund to the Participant the lesser of (i) such purchase price and (ii) the Fair Market Value of such shares on the date of forfeiture.

8.3 Restrictions. Restricted Stock may not be transferred, assigned or subject to any encumbrance, pledge, or charge until all applicable restrictions are removed or have expired, unless otherwise allowed by the Committee. The Committee may require in an Award Agreement that certificates representing the Restricted Stock bear a legend making appropriate reference to the restrictions imposed, and that certificates representing the Restricted Stock remain in the physical custody of an escrow holder until all restrictions are removed or have expired.

8.4 Rights as Stockholder. Subject to the foregoing provisions of this Section 8 and the applicable Award Agreement, the Participant shall have all rights of a stockholder with respect to the shares granted to the Participant under a Restricted Stock Award, including the right to vote the shares and receive all dividends and other distributions paid or made with respect thereto, unless the Committee determines otherwise at the time the Restricted Stock Award is granted.

8.5 Section 83(b) Election. If a Participant makes an election pursuant to Section 83(b) of the Code with respect to a Restricted Stock Award, the Participant shall file, within 30 days following the Date of Grant, a copy of such election with the Company (directed to the Secretary thereof) and with the Internal Revenue Service, in accordance with the regulations under Section 83 of the Code. The Committee may provide in an Award Agreement that the Restricted Stock Award is conditioned upon the Participant's making or refraining from making an election with respect to the Award under Section 83(b) of the Code.

9. Restricted Stock Unit Awards

9.1 Grant of Restricted Stock Unit Awards. A Restricted Stock Unit Award may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. The value of each Restricted Stock Unit is equal to the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock on the applicable date or time period of determination, as specified by the Committee. A Restricted Stock Unit Award shall be subject to such restrictions and conditions as the Committee shall determine, provided, for the avoidance of doubt, the Committee may grant Restricted Stock Unit Awards that are 100% immediately vested. A Restricted Stock Unit Award may be granted together with a dividend equivalent right with respect to the shares of Common Stock subject to the Award, which may be accumulated and may be deemed reinvested in additional Restricted Stock Units, as determined by the Committee in its discretion. If dividend equivalents are paid with respect to Restricted Stock Unit Awards subject to performance-based vesting conditions while such an Award remains subject to restrictions, the dividend equivalents will be subject to the same restrictions as the Restricted Stock Units to which they relate.

9.2 Vesting of Restricted Stock Units. On the Date of Grant, the Committee shall, in its discretion, determine any vesting requirements with respect to Restricted Stock Units, which shall be set forth in the Award Agreement. The requirements for vesting of Restricted Stock Units may be based on the continued Service of the Participant with the Company or its Subsidiaries for a specified time period (or periods) and/or on the attainment of a specified performance goal (or goals) established by the Committee in its discretion. The Committee may, in its discretion, accelerate the vesting of all or a portion of a Restricted Stock Unit Award at any time. A Restricted Stock Unit Award may also be granted on a fully vested basis, with a deferred payment date as may be determined by the Committee or elected by the Participant in accordance with rules established by the Committee.

9.3 Payment With Respect to Restricted Stock Units. Payment with respect to Restricted Stock Units shall be made to a Participant at the time or times determined by the Committee and set forth in the Award Agreement, which may be upon or following the vesting of the Award. Payment with respect to a Restricted Stock Unit may be made, at the discretion of the Committee, in cash or in shares of Common Stock, or in a combination thereof, subject to applicable tax withholding requirements set forth in Section
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17.5. Any cash payment with respect to a Restricted Stock Unit shall be made based upon the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock, determined on such date or over such time period as determined by the Committee. If Restricted Stock Units are settled in shares of Common Stock, then as soon as practicable following the date of settlement the Company shall deliver to the Participant evidence of book entry shares of Common Stock, or upon the Participant's request and approval of the Committee, Common Stock certificates of an appropriate number.

10. Performance Shares

10.1 Grant of Performance Shares. Performance Shares may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. A Performance Share Award shall be subject to such restrictions and condition as the Committee shall specify. A Performance Share Award may be granted with a dividend equivalent right with respect to the shares of Common Stock subject to the Award, which shall be accumulated and may be deemed reinvested in additional shares of Common Stock, as determined by the Committee in its discretion. If dividend equivalents are paid on Performance Shares while such an Award remains subject to restrictions, the dividend equivalents will be subject to the same restrictions as the Performance Shares to which they relate.

10.2 Value of Performance Shares. Each Performance Share shall have an initial value equal to the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the Grant Date. The Committee shall set performance goals in its discretion that, depending on the extent to which they are met over a specified time period, shall determine the number of Performance Shares that shall be paid to a Participant.

10.3 Earning of Performance Shares. After the applicable time period has ended, the number of Performance Shares earned by the Participant over such time period shall be determined as a function of the extent to which the applicable corresponding performance goals have been achieved. This determination shall be made solely by the Committee. The Committee may, in its discretion, waive any performance or vesting conditions relating to a Performance Share Award.

10.4 Form and Timing of Payment of Performance Shares. The Committee shall pay at the close of the applicable performance period, or as soon as practicable thereafter, amounts with respect to any earned and vested Performance Shares in the form of cash or in shares of Common Stock or in a combination thereof, as specified in a Participant's Award Agreement, subject to applicable tax withholding requirements set forth in Section 17.5. Any shares of Common Stock paid to a Participant under this Section 10.4 may be subject to any restrictions deemed appropriate by the Committee. If Performance Shares are settled in shares of Common Stock, then as soon as practicable following the date of settlement, the Company shall deliver to the Participant evidence of book entry shares of Common Stock, or upon the Participant's request and approval by the Committee, Common Stock
certificates of an appropriate number.

11. Performance Units

11.1 Grant of Performance Units. Performance Units may be granted to any Eligible Person selected by the Committee. A Performance Unit Award shall be subject to such restrictions and condition as the Committee shall specify.

11.2 Value of Performance Units. Each Performance Unit shall have an initial notional value equal to a dollar amount determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion. The Committee shall set performance goals in its discretion that, depending on the extent to which they are met over a specified time period, will determine the number of Performance Units that shall be settled and paid to the Participant.

11.3 Earning of Performance Units. After the applicable time period has ended, the number of Performance Units earned by the Participant and vested, and the amount payable in cash, in shares or in
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a combination thereof, over such time period shall be determined as a function of the extent to which the applicable corresponding performance goals have been achieved. This determination shall be made solely by the Committee. The Committee may, in its discretion, waive any performance or vesting conditions relating to a Performance Unit Award

11.4 Form and Timing of Payment of Performance Units. The Committee shall pay at the close of the applicable performance period, or as soon as practicable thereafter, amounts with respect to any earned and vested Performance Units in the form of cash or in shares of Common Stock or in a combination thereof, as specified in a Participant's Award Agreement, subject to applicable tax withholding requirements set forth in Section 17.5. Any shares of Common Stock paid to a Participant under this Section 11.4 may be subject to any restrictions deemed appropriate by the Committee. If Performance Units are settled in shares of Common Stock, then as soon as practicable following the date of settlement, the Company shall deliver to the Participant evidence of book entry shares of Common Stock, or upon the Participant's request and approval of the Committee, Common Stock certificates in an appropriate amount.

12. Incentive Bonus Awards.

12.1 Grant. The Committee, in its discretion, may grant Incentive Bonus Awards to such Participants as it may designate from time to time on such terms and conditions as the Committee shall determine.

12.2 Performance Criteria. The determination of Incentive Bonus Awards for a given year or years may be based upon the attainment of specified levels of Company, Subsidiary and/or individual performance as measured by performance criteria determined at the discretion of the Committee, including any or all of the Performance Measures set forth in Section 14 of the Plan. The Committee shall (i) select those Participants who shall be eligible to receive an Incentive Bonus Award, (ii) determine the performance period, (iii) determine target levels of performance, and (iv) determine the level of Incentive Bonus Award to be paid to each selected Participant upon the achievement of each performance level. The Committee generally shall make the foregoing determinations prior to the commencement of services to which an Incentive Bonus Award relates, to the extent applicable, and while the outcome of the performance goals and targets is substantially uncertain.

12.3 Payment.

(a)    Incentive Bonus Awards shall be paid in cash or settled through the issuance of unrestricted shares of Common Stock, Restricted Stock Awards or Restricted Stock Units under the Plan, as determined by the Committee in its sole discretion. Payment or settlement shall be made following a determination by the Committee that the performance targets were attained.

(b)    The amount of an Incentive Bonus Award to be paid upon the attainment of each targeted level of performance shall equal a percentage of a Participant's base salary for the fiscal year, a fixed dollar amount, or such other formula, as determined by the Committee.

13. Other Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Awards

13.1 Other Cash-Based and Stock-Based Awards. The Committee may grant other types of equity-based or equity-related Awards not otherwise described by the terms of this Plan (including the grant or offer for sale of unrestricted Shares) in such amounts and subject to such terms and conditions, as the Committee shall determine. Such Awards may involve the transfer of actual shares of Common Stock to a Participant, or payment in cash or otherwise of amounts based on the value of shares of Common Stock. In addition, the Committee, at any time and from time to time, may grant Cash-Based Awards to a Participant in such amounts and upon such terms as the Committee shall determine, in its sole discretion.
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13.2 Value of Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Awards. Each Other Stock-Based Award shall be expressed in terms of shares of Common Stock or units based on shares of Common Stock, as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion. Each Other Cash-Based Award shall specify a payment amount or payment range as determined by the Committee, in its sole discretion. If the Committee exercises its discretion to establish performance goals, the value of Other Cash-Based Awards that shall be paid to the Participant will depend on the extent to which such performance goals are met.

13.3 Payment of Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Awards. Payment, if any, with respect to Other Cash-Based Awards and Other Stock-Based Award shall be made in accordance with the terms of the Award, in cash or Shares as the Committee determines.

14. Section 162(m) Awards in effect as of November 2, 2017.

14.1 Outstanding Section 162(m) Awards. The Committee previously granted Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares, Performance Units, Incentive Bonus Awards, Other Stock-Based Awards and/or Other Cash-Based Awards that are intended to be exempt from the deduction limitation under Section 162(m) of the Code by virtue of the exception for "qualified performance-based compensation" under Section 162(m) of the Code (to the extent available) ("Section 162(m) Awards") to certain individuals. Any such Section 162(m) Award that was outstanding under this Plan as of November 2, 2017, that has not been materially modified or renewed (as defined in Notice 2018-68) since such date may continue under this Plan pursuant to the terms in effect as of November 2, 2017.

15. Change in Control

15.1 Effect of a Change in Control.

(a)    The Committee may, at the time of the grant of an Award and as set forth in an Award Agreement, provide for the effect of a "Change in Control" on an Award. Such provisions may include any one or more of the following: (i) the acceleration or extension of time periods for purposes of exercising, vesting in, or realizing gain from any Award, (ii) the elimination or modification of performance or other conditions related to the payment or other rights under an Award, (iii) provision for the cash settlement of an Award for an equivalent cash value, as determined by the Committee, or (iv) such other modification or adjustment to an Award as the Committee deems appropriate to maintain and protect the rights and interests of Participants upon or following a Change in Control. To the extent necessary for compliance with Section 409A of the Code, an Award Agreement shall provide that an Award subject to the requirements of Section 409A that would otherwise become payable upon a Change in Control shall only become payable to the extent that the requirements for a "change in control" for purposes of Section 409A have been satisfied.

(b)    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in the Plan, unless otherwise provided by an Award Agreement, upon or in anticipation of any Change in Control, the Committee may, in its sole and absolute discretion and without the need for the consent of any Participant, take one or more of the following actions contingent upon the occurrence of that Change in Control: (i) cause any or all outstanding Options and Stock Appreciation Rights held by Participants affected by the Change in Control to become vested and immediately exercisable, in whole or in part; (ii) cause any or all outstanding Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares, Performance Units, Incentive Bonus Award, and any other Award held by Participants affected by the Change in Control to become nonforfeitable, in whole or in part (provided that such change (including potential impact on settlement or payment timing thereunder) does not violate Section 409A of the Code); (iii) cancel any Option or Stock Appreciation Right in exchange for a substitute option in a manner consistent with the requirements of Treasury Regulation. §1.424-1 (a) (notwithstanding the fact that the original Option may never have been intended to satisfy the requirements for treatment as an Incentive Stock Option); (iv) cancel any
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Restricted Stock, Restricted Stock Units, Performance Shares or Performance Units held by a Participant in exchange for restricted stock or performance shares of or stock or performance units in respect of the capital stock of any successor corporation; (v) redeem any Restricted Stock held by a Participant affected by the Change in Control for cash and/or other substitute consideration with a value equal to the Fair Market Value of an unrestricted share of Common Stock on the date of the Change in Control; (vi) cancel any Option or Stock Appreciation Right held by a Participant affected by the Change in Control in exchange for cash and/or other substitute consideration with a value equal to (A) the number of shares of Common Stock subject to that Option or Stock Appreciation Right, multiplied by (B) the difference, if any, between the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the date of the Change in Control and the exercise price of that Option or Stock Appreciation Right; provided, that if the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the date of the Change in Control does not exceed the exercise price of any such Option or Stock Appreciation Right, the Committee may cancel that Option or Stock Appreciation Right without any payment of consideration therefor; (vii) cancel any Restricted Stock Unit or Performance Unit held by a Participant affected by the Change in Control in exchange for cash and/or other substitute consideration with a value equal to the Fair Market Value per share of Common Stock on the date of the Change in Control (provided that such cancelation and exchange does not violate Section 409A of the Code); (ix) cancel any unvested Award without any payment of consideration therefor; or (x) make such other modifications, adjustments or amendments to outstanding Awards or this Plan as the Committee deems necessary or appropriate.

16. General Provisions

16.1 Award Agreement. To the extent deemed necessary by the Committee, an Award under the Plan shall be evidenced by an Award Agreement in a written or electronic form approved by the Committee setting forth the number of shares of Common Stock or units subject to the Award, the exercise price, base price, or purchase price of the Award, the time or times at which an Award will become vested, exercisable or payable and the term of the Award. The Award Agreement may also set forth the effect on an Award of termination of Service under certain circumstances. The Award Agreement shall be subject to and incorporate, by reference or otherwise, all of the applicable terms and conditions of the Plan, and may also set forth other terms and conditions applicable to the Award as determined by the Committee consistent with the limitations of the Plan. Award Agreements evidencing Incentive Stock Options shall contain such terms and conditions as may be necessary to meet the applicable provisions of Section 422 of the Code. The grant of an Award under the Plan shall not confer any rights upon the Participant holding such Award other than such terms, and subject to such conditions, as are specified in the Plan as being applicable to such type of Award (or to all Awards) or as are expressly set forth in the Award Agreement.

16.2 Forfeiture Events/Representations.

(a)    The Committee may specify in an Award Agreement at the time of the Award that the Participant's rights, payments and benefits with respect to an Award shall be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or recoupment upon the occurrence of certain specified events, in addition to any otherwise applicable vesting or performance conditions of an Award. Such events shall include, but shall not be limited to, termination of Service for cause (and may include termination of Service for other reasons than cause), violation of material Company policies, breach of noncompetition, confidentiality or other restrictive covenants that may apply to the Participant, or other conduct by the Participant that is detrimental to the business or reputation of the Company. The Committee may also specify in an Award Agreement that the Participant's rights, payments and benefits with respect to an Award shall be conditioned upon the Participant making a representation regarding compliance with noncompetition, confidentiality or other restrictive covenants that may apply to the Participant and providing that the Participant's rights, payments and benefits with respect to an Award shall be subject to reduction, cancellation, forfeiture or recoupment on account of a breach of such representation. In addition, (i) Awards and any compensation directly attributable to Awards may be made subject to forfeiture, recovery by the Company or other action pursuant to any compensation recovery policy adopted by the Board or
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the Committee at any time, including in response to the requirements of Section 1 OD of the Exchange Act and any implementing rules and regulations thereunder, or as otherwise required by law and (ii) any Award Agreement may be unilaterally amended by the Committee to comply with any such compensation recovery policy.

(b)    Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, Full Value Awards made to an Eligible Person who is an employee of the Company or a Subsidiary shall, except for acceleration of vesting due to death, disability, retirement or a Change in Control, become vested over a period of not less than three years (or, in the case of vesting based upon the attainment of Performance Goals or other performance-based objectives, over a period of not less one year) following the Date of Grant; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, Full Value Awards that result in the issuance of an aggregate of up to 5% of the shares of Common Stock available for issuance pursuant to Section 4.1 (a) may be granted to Eligible Persons who are employees of the Company or a Subsidiary without respect to such minimum vesting provisions.

16.3 No Assignment or Transfer: Beneficiaries.

(a)    Awards under the Plan shall not be assignable or transferable by the Participant, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and shall not be subject in any manner to assignment, alienation, pledge, encumbrance or charge. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Committee may provide in an Award Agreement that the Participant shall have the right to designate a beneficiary or beneficiaries who shall be entitled to any rights, payments or other benefits specified under an Award following the Participant's death. During the lifetime of a Participant, an Award shall be exercised only by such Participant or such Participant's guardian or legal representative. In the event of a Participant's death, an Award may, to the extent permitted by the Award Agreement, be exercised by the Participant's beneficiary as designated by the Participant in the manner prescribed by the Committee or, in the absence of an authorized beneficiary designation, by the legatee of such Award under the Participant's will or by the Participant's estate in accordance with the Participant's will or the laws of descent and distribution, in each case in the same manner and to the same extent that such Award was exercisable by the Participant on the date of the Participant's death.

(b)    Limited Transferability Rights. Notwithstanding anything else in this Section 16.3 to the contrary, the Committee may in its discretion provide in an Award Agreement that an Award in the form of a Nonqualified Stock Option, share-settled Stock Appreciation Right, Restricted Stock, Performance Share or share-settled Other Stock-Based Award may be transferred, on such terms and conditions as the Committee deems appropriate, either (i) by instrument to the Participant's "Immediate Family" (as defined below), (ii) by instrument to an inter vivos or testamentary trust (or other entity) in which the Award is to be passed to the Participant's designated beneficiaries, or (iii) by gift to charitable institutions. Any transferee of the Participant's rights shall succeed and be subject to all of the terms of the applicable Award Agreement and the Plan. "Immediate Family" means any child, stepchild, grandchild, parent, stepparent, grandparent, spouse, former spouse, sibling, niece, nephew, mother-in-law, father-in-law, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law, and shall include adoptive relationships.

16.4 Rights as Stockholder. A Participant shall have no rights as a holder of shares of Common Stock with respect to any unissued securities covered by an Award until the date the Participant becomes the holder of record of such securities. Except as provided in Section 4.2 hereof, no adjustment or other provision shall be made for dividends or other stockholder rights, except to the extent that the Award Agreement provides for dividend payments or dividend equivalent rights.

16.5 Employment or Service. Nothing in the Plan, in the grant of any Award or in any Award Agreement shall confer upon any Eligible Person or Participant any right to continue in the Service of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries, or interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries to terminate the employment or other service relationship of an Eligible Person or Participant for any reason at any time.
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16.6 Fractional Shares. In the case of any fractional share or unit resulting from the grant, vesting, payment or crediting of dividends or dividend equivalents under an Award, the Committee shall have the discretionary authority to (i) disregard such fractional share or unit, (ii) round such fractional share or unit to the nearest lower or higher whole share or unit, or (iii) convert such fractional share or unit into a right to receive a cash payment.

16. 7 Other Compensation and Benefit Plans. The amount of any compensation deemed to be received by a Participant pursuant to an Award shall not constitute includable compensation for purposes of determining the amount of benefits to which a Participant is entitled under any other compensation or benefit plan or program of the Company or any Subsidiary, including, without limitation, under any bonus, pension, profit-sharing, life insurance, salary continuation or severance benefits plan, except to the extent specifically provided by the terms of any such plan.

16.8 Plan Binding on Transferees. The Plan shall be binding upon the Company, its transferees and assigns, and the Participant, the Participant's executor, administrator and permitted transferees and beneficiaries. In addition, all obligations of the Company under this Plan with respect to Awards granted hereunder shall be binding on any successor to the Company, whether the existence of such successor is the result of a direct or indirect purchase, merger, consolidation, or otherwise, of all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company.

16.9 Foreign Jurisdictions. The Committee may adopt, amend and terminate such arrangements and grant such Awards, not inconsistent with the intent of the Plan, as it may deem necessary or desirable to comply with any tax, securities, regulatory or other laws of other jurisdictions with respect to Awards that may be subject to such laws. The terms and conditions of such Awards may vary from the terms and conditions that would otherwise be required by the Plan solely to the extent the Committee deems necessary for such purpose. Moreover, the Board may approve such supplements to or amendments, restatements or alternative versions of the Plan, not inconsistent with the intent of the Plan, as it may consider necessary or appropriate for such purposes, without thereby affecting the terms of the Plan as in effect for any other purpose.

16.10 Substitute Awards in Corporate Transactions. Nothing contained in the Plan shall be construed to limit the right of the Committee to grant Awards under the Plan in connection with the acquisition, whether by purchase, merger, consolidation or other corporate transaction, of the business or assets of any corporation or other entity. Without limiting the foregoing, the Committee may grant Awards under the Plan to an employee or director of another corporation who becomes an Eligible Person by reason of any such corporate transaction in substitution for awards previously granted by such corporation or entity to such person. The terms and conditions of the substitute Awards may vary from the terms and conditions that would otherwise be required by the Plan solely to the extent the Committee deems necessary for such purpose. Any shares of Common Stock subject to these substitute Awards shall not be counted against any of the maximum share limitations set forth in the Plan.

16.11 Stockholder Agreements: Restrictions. Upon the grant of any Award or the distribution of Common Stock pursuant to any Award (as applicable), the Participant (or legal representative) may be required to become a party to a Stockholders Agreement and/or related agreement(s), which shall include such terms and conditions (including without limitation, call rights, drag-along rights and refusal rights), as may be determined by the Committee in its sole discretion.

17. Legal Compliance

17.1 Securities Laws. No shares of Common Stock will be issued or transferred pursuant to an Award unless and until all then applicable requirements imposed by Federal and state securities and other laws, rules and regulations and by any regulatory agencies having jurisdiction, and by any exchanges upon which the shares of Common Stock may be listed, have been fully met. As a condition
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precedent to the issuance of shares pursuant to the grant or exercise of an Award, the Company may require the Participant to take any reasonable action to meet such requirements. The Committee may impose such conditions on any shares of Common Stock issuable under the Plan as it may deem advisable, including, without limitation, restrictions under the Securities Act, as amended, under the requirements of any exchange upon which such shares of the same class are then listed, and under any blue sky or other securities laws applicable to such shares. The Committee may also require the Participant to represent and warrant at the time of issuance or transfer that the shares of Common Stock are being acquired only for investment purposes and without any current intention to sell or distribute such shares. All Common Stock issued pursuant to the terms of this Plan shall constitute "restricted securities," as that term is defined in Rule 144 promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act, and may not be transferred except in compliance herewith and with the registration requirements of the Securities Act or an exemption therefrom. Certificates representing Common Stock acquired pursuant to an Award may bear such legend as the Company may consider appropriate under the circumstances. If an Award is made to an Eligible Person who is subject to Chinese jurisdiction, and approval of the Award by China's State Administration of Foreign Exchange is needed, the Award may be converted to cash or other equivalent amount if and to the extent that such approval is not obtained.

17.2 Incentive Arrangement. The Plan is designed to provide an on-going, pecuniary incentive for Participants to produce their best efforts to increase the value of the Company. The Plan is not intended to provide retirement income or to defer the receipt of payments hereunder to the termination of a Participant's employment or beyond. The Plan is thus intended not to be a pension or welfare benefit plan that is subject to Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA"), and shall be construed accordingly. All interpretations and determinations hereunder shall be made on a basis consistent with the Plan's status as not an employee benefit plan subject to ERISA.

17.3 Unfunded Plan. The adoption of the Plan and any reservation of shares of Common Stock or cash amounts by the Company to discharge its obligations hereunder shall not be deemed to create a trust or other funded arrangement. Except upon the issuance of Common Stock pursuant to an Award, any rights of a Participant under the Plan shall be those of a general unsecured creditor of the Company, and neither a Participant nor the Participant's permitted transferees or estate shall have any other interest in any assets of the Company by virtue of the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have the right to implement or set aside funds in a granter trust, subject to the claims of the Company's creditors or otherwise, to discharge its obligations under the Plan.

17.4 Section 409A Compliance. To the extent applicable, it is intended that the Plan and all Awards hereunder comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code (or an exemption therefrom), and the Plan and all Award Agreements shall be interpreted and applied by the Committee in a manner consistent with this intent in order to avoid the imposition of any additional tax under Section 409A of the Code. In the event that any provision of the Plan or an Award Agreement is determined by the Committee to not comply with the applicable requirements of Section 409A of the Code, the Committee shall have the authority to take such actions and to make such interpretations or changes to the Plan or an Award Agreement as the Committee deems necessary to comply with such requirements, provided that the Committee shall act in a manner that is intended to preserve the economic value of the Award to the Participant. In no event whatsoever shall the Company be liable for any additional tax, interest or penalties that may be imposed on any Participant by Section 409A of the Code or any damages for failing to comply with Section 409A of the Code. Notwithstanding anything in the Plan to the contrary, all or part of an Award payment to a Participant who is determined to constitute a Code Section 409A "Specified Employee" at the time of separation from service, shall be delayed (if then required) under Code Section 409A, and paid in an aggregated lump on the first business day after six (6) months have lapsed following the Participant's separation from service, or the date of the Participant's death, if earlier. Any remaining payments shall be paid on their regularly scheduled payment dates. For purposes of the Plan and any Agreements issued under the Plan, the phrases "separation from service," "termination of employment" and "employment termination" shall be deemed to mean "separation from service" as defined by Code Section 409A.
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17.5 Tax Withholding.

(a)    The Company shall have the power and the right to deduct or withhold, or require a participant to remit to the Company, the minimum statutory amount to satisfy federal, state, and local taxes, domestic or foreign, required by law or regulation to be withheld with respect to any taxable event arising as a result of this Plan, but in no event shall such deduction or withholding or remittance exceed the minimum statutory withholding requirements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a minimum statutory amount of withholding does not apply under the laws of any foreign jurisdiction, the Company may withhold such amount for remittance to the applicable taxing authority of such jurisdiction as the Company determines in its discretion, uniformly applied, to be appropriate.

(b)    If permitted under an Award Agreement or authorized by the Committee, (i) a Participant may, in order to fulfill the minimum statutory withholding obligation, tender previously-acquired shares of Common Stock or have shares of stock withheld from the exercise, provided that the shares have an aggregate Fair Market Value sufficient to satisfy in whole or in part the applicable minimum withholding taxes, and (ii) the broker-assisted exercise procedure described in Section 6.5 may also be utilized to satisfy the withholding requirements related to the exercise of a Stock Option.

(c)    Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participant may not use shares of Common Stock to satisfy the withholding requirements to the extent that (i) there is a substantial likelihood that the use of such form of payment or the timing of such form of payment would subject the Participant to a substantial risk of liability under Section 16 of the Exchange Act; or (ii) such withholding would constitute a violation of the provisions of any law or regulation (including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002).

17.6 No Guarantee of Tax Consequences. Neither the Company, the Board, the Committee nor any other Person make any commitment or guarantee that any federal, state, local or foreign tax treatment will apply or be available to any Participant or any other person hereunder.

17.7 Stock Certificates: Book Entry Form. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, unless otherwise determined by the Committee or required by any Applicable Law, rule or regulation, any obligation set forth in the Plan pertaining to the delivery or issuance of stock certificates evidencing shares of Common Stock may be satisfied by having issuance and/or ownership of such shares recorded on the books and records of the Company (or, as applicable, its transfer agent or stock plan administrator).

17.8 Severability. If any provision of the Plan or any Award Agreement shall be determined to be illegal or unenforceable by any court of law in any jurisdiction, the remaining provisions hereof and thereof shall be severable and enforceable in accordance with their terms, and all provisions shall remain enforceable in any other jurisdiction.

17.9 Governing Law. The Plan and all rights hereunder shall be subject to and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware, without reference to the principles of conflicts of laws, and to applicable Federal securities laws.

18. Effective Date, Amendment and Termination

18.1 Effective Date. The original effective date of the Plan was February 24, 2015, as subsequently amended and restated on December 10, 2019. The most recent amended and restated Plan will become effective on November 21, 2025, the date approved by the Board, contingent on approval by the Company’s stockholders; provided, however, that the original Plan shall remain in place, effective as of the original effective date, if the amended and restated Plan is not approved by the Company’s stockholders.

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18.2 Amendment: Termination. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan (or any portion thereof) at any time and may amend the Plan at any time and from time to time in such respects as the Board may deem advisable or in the best interests of the Company or any Subsidiary. No such amendment, suspension or termination shall materially and adversely affect the rights of any Participant under any outstanding Awards, without the consent of such Participant. The Plan will continue in effect until terminated in accordance with this Section 18.2; provided, however, that no Award will be granted hereunder on or after the 10th anniversary of the date of the amended and restated Plan's adoption by the Board; but provided further, that Awards granted prior to such 10th anniversary may extend beyond that date.
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EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

This EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (the ''Agreement"), executed as of the date of signature below, effective as of January 1, 2026, by and between Blue Bird Body Company, a Georgia corporation, and, Blue Bird Corporation, a Delaware corporation (collectively, the ''Company"), and Jeff Sanfrey (the "Executive").

WHEREAS, the Company and the Executive (each a ''Party” and together the "Parties") wish to enter into this Agreement pursuant to which the Company will employ the Executive.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, the Parties agree as follows:

1.Employment and Acceptance. The Company shall employ the Executive, and the Executive accepts such employment, subject to the terms of this Agreement, as of January 1, 2026 (the ''Effective Date”).

2.Term. Subject to earlier termination pursuant to Section 5 of this Agreement, this Agreement and the employment relationship hereunder shall continue from the Effective Date until the first (1st)
anniversary of the Effective Date, and shall automatically renew for successive 12-month intervals thereafter unless either Party shall have given at least sixty (60) days advance written notice prior to the expiration of the Term to the other that it does not wish to extend the Term. As used in this Agreement, the "Term” shall refer to the period beginning on the Effective Date and ending on the date this Agreement terminates in accordance with this Section 2 or Section 5.

3.Duties and Title.

3.1     Title. The Company shall employ the Executive to render services as described herein to the Company on a fulltime basis. Commencing on the Effective Date, the Executive shall serve as Chief Operating Officer (COO) and shall, unless otherwise determined by the Board of Directors of the Company (the "Board") report to the Chief Executive Officer and support a smooth leadership transition to execute the Company’s strategy and subject to Board approval.

3.2        Authority and Responsibilities. As COO, the Executive will have such authority and responsibilities and will perform such executive duties as may be assigned to him by the Chief Executive Officer, including without limitation performing services for affiliates of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Executive will devote substantially all of his full working time and attention to the performance of such duties and to the promotion of the business and interests of the Company. ln order to effectively carry out the duties set forth in this Agreement, and agrees to be physically present at the Macon, Georgia, and Fort Valley, Georgia offices to the extent necessary to effectively fulfill his responsibilities under this Agreement.

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4.Compensation and Benefits. As compensation for all services rendered pursuant to this Agreement. the Company shall provide to the Executive the following during the Term:

4.1    Base Salary. Effective January 1, 2026, the Company will pay to the Executive an annual base salary of Four Hundred and Thirty-Three Thousand Dollars ($433,000) payable in accordance with the customary payroll practices of the Company. The Base Salary shall be subject to adjustment from time to time, as determined by the Board or its designee in its sole discretion. For purposes of this Agreement, "Base Salary" shall mean Executive's base salary as adjusted.

4.2      Annual Bonus. For each fiscal year of the Company ("Fiscal Year") during the Term, the Executive shall be eligible to receive an annual variable bonus payment with a target gross amount of 65% of Base Salary, or as otherwise set by the Board or its designee (the "Annual Bonus"). The actual amount of the Annual Bonus payment, if any, shall be based on the operational performance of the Company and be subject to achievement of financial or other targets as set by the Board or its designee at the beginning of the Fiscal Year. If such targets are fully achieved, the Executive shall be entitled to 100% of the Annual Bonus, or as otherwise set by the Board or its designee under the Management Incentive Program. If the targets are under-achieved or over-achieved, the Annual Bonus shall be reduced or increased, as determined by the Board or its designee. The formula for calculating the precise bonus payment shall be determined by the Board or any committee thereof designated by the Board for such purpose in consultation with the Executive. The Annual Bonus payment shall be due on the earlier of (i) thirty days after the approval by the Board or the consolidated financial statements of the Company and (ii) the date on which the Company pays annual bonuses to other members of senior management; provided that, in no event will an Annual Bonus be paid later than the 15th day of the third (3rd) month following the end of the calendar year in which such Fiscal Year ends.

4.3    Participation in Employee Benefit Plans. The Executive shall be entitled, if and to the extent eligible, to participate in all of the applicable benefit plans of the Company, which may be available to other senior executives of the Company. With respect his anticipated move to the Macon, Georgia area, the Executive will be entitled to the applicable Company standard relocation program.

4.4    Expense Reimbursement. The Executive shall be entitled to receive reimbursement for all appropriate traveling and other business expenses incurred by him in connection with his duties under this Agreement in accordance with the policies of the Company as in effect from time to time.

4.5    Participation in the Equity Plan. On or as soon as administratively practicable after the Effective Date, the executive, pursuant to the terms of the Company’s Amended and Restated 2015 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (as amended or updated from time to time, the “Equity Plan”) will be eligible to participate in the Company’s Equity Award Plan.

The Executive will be entitled to a Long-Term Incentive (LTI) target of 100% of current base salary with eligibility for additional awards appropriate for the Company's COO position, or as otherwise determined by the Board or its designee in its sole discretion. The Executive's participation in the Equity Plan and rights thereunder shall be subject to the terms of the Equity Plan, this Agreement and any applicable grant or other agreements under the Equity Plan as determined by the Board or its designee.

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(a)In the event there is a Change in Control (as defined below) involving the Company during the period of such vesting scheduled and while the Executive remains employed by the Company, all remaining unvested Restricted Shares and Stock Options will fully vest upon the Change in Control. For purposes of this Agreement, “Change in Control” means a change in control as such term is defined in the Equity Plan.

4.6    D&O Insurance. During the Term, the Company will obtain and maintain, at the Company’s sole cost and expense, D&O insurance coverage for the benefit of the directors and officers of the Company.

5.Termination of Employment.
5.1    By the Company for Cause or by the Executive. If: (i) the Company eliminates the Executive's employment with the Company for Cause (as defined below) or (ii) the Executive terminates his employment for any reason, provided that the Executive shall be required to give the Company at least Sixty (60) days prior written notice of any termination of employment, the Executive or the Executive's legal representatives (as appropriate), shall be entitled to receive the following:

(a)the Executive's accrued but unpaid Base Salary to the date of termination and any employee benefits the Executive may be entitled to pursuant to the employee benefit plans of the Company; and

(b)expenses reimbursable under Section 4.4 incurred but not yet reimbursed to the Executive to the date of termination.

For the purposes or this Agreement. "Cause" means. as determined by the Board (or its designee), (i) conviction of or plea of nolo contendere to a felony by the Executive; (ii) acts of dishonesty by the Executive resulting or intending to result in personal gain or enrichment at the expense of the Company or its subsidiaries or the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries; (iii) the Executive's material breach of his obligations under this Agreement; (iv) conduct by the Executive in connection with his duties hereunder that is fraudulent, unlawful or grossly negligent, including, but not limited to, acts of discrimination; (v) engaging in personal conduct by the Executive (including but not limited to employee harassment or discrimination, the use or possession at work of any illegal controlled substance) which seriously discredits or damages the Company or its subsidiaries or the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries; (vi) contravention of specific lawful direction from the Board or its designee or continuing inattention to or continuing failure to adequately perform the duties to be performed by the Executive under the terms of Section 3 of this Agreement or (vii) breach of the Executive's covenants set forth in Section 5.5 or Section 6 below before termination of employment; provided, that, the Executive shall have fifteen (15) days after notice from the Company to cure the deficiency leading to the Cause determination (except with respect to (i) above), if curable. A termination for “Cause" shall be effective immediately (or on such other date determined by the Company).

The Executive's employment pursuant to this Agreement shall terminate automatically on and as of the expiration date of the Term (including any extensions) as described in Section 2. Upon such expiration, the restrictions described in Section 5.5 and Section 6, and related provisions of this Agreement including without limitation Section 7, shall survive such termination and remain in effect by their terms.


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5.2 Termination by the Company Without Cause or if the Company Elects not to Extend the Term. If during the Term the Company terminates the Executive's employment without Cause (which may be done at any time without prior notice), or if the Company elects not to extend the Executive's employment beyond the expiration of the Term (including any extensions), the Executive shall receive the severance payments set forth in this Section 5.2 (in addition to the payments upon termination specified in Section 5.1) upon execution without revocation of a valid release agreement in a form reasonably acceptable to the Company:

(a) the unpaid portion of the Annual Bonus, if any, relating to the Fiscal Year prior to the Fiscal Year of the termination by the Company without Cause payable in accordance with Section 4.2;

(b) continued payment of the Executive's Base Salary, payable in accordance with the Company's payroll policy, for a period commencing on the date of termination and ending on the first to occur of: (I) the date that the Executive enters into any subsequent employment relationship compensated at materially the same level as Executive’s then current compensation or greater and (ii) the twelve (12) month anniversary of the date of termination; and

(c) reimbursement of the cost of continuation coverage of group health coverage pursuant to the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1986, as amended ("COBRA'") for a maximum of twelve (12) months to the extent Executive elects such COBRA continuation coverage and is eligible and subject to the terms of the health plan and the law; provided, that such reimbursement shall cease to the extent that the Executive is eligible for health benefits from a new employer.

The Company shall have no obligation to provide the benefits set forth above in the event that Executive breaches the provisions of Section 6.

5.3 Termination Without Cause Upon a Change in Control. Termination Without Cause Upon a Change in Control. If during the Term the Company terminates the Executive's employment without Cause at any time within six (6) months preceding or twelve (12) months following a Change in Control (as defined above in Section 4.5(a)), the Executive shall receive all payments and benefits described above in Section 5.2, except that with respect to continued payment of Base Salary described in 5.2(b), clause (ii) thereof shall read "the twenty-four (24) month anniversary of the date of termination," upon execution without revocation of a valid release agreement in a form reasonably acceptable to the Company. In lieu of this compensation, Executive shall be entitled to the benefits of any applicable Company Change-in-Control Severance plan that may be in effect at the time, if such plan is deemed more advantageous for Executive.

The Company shall have no obligation to provide the benefits set forth above in the event that Executive breaches the provisions of Section 6.

5.4 Removal from any Boards and Position. If the Executive's employment is terminated for any reason under this Agreement, he shall be deemed to resign, effective as of the date of termination, (i) if a member, from the Board or board of directors of any subsidiary of the Company or any affiliate of the Company and its subsidiaries or any other board to which he
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has been appointed or nominated by or on behalf of the Company and (ii) from any position with the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or any affiliate of the Company and its subsidiaries, including, but not limited to, as an officer of the Company and any of its subsidiaries or the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries.

5.5 Nondisparagement. The Executive agrees that he will not at any time (whether during or after the Term) publish or communicate to any person or entity any Disparaging (as defined below) remarks, comments or statements concerning the Company, its parent, subsidiaries and affiliates, and their respective present and former members, partners, directors, officers, shareholders, employees, agents, attorneys, successors and assigns. "Disparaging" remarks, comments or statements are those that impugn the character, honesty, integrity or morality or business acumen or abilities in connection with any aspect of the operation of business of the individual or entity being disparaged.

6Restrictions and Obligations of the Executive.

6.2Confidentiality.
(a)During the course of the Executive's employment by the Company and service to the Company, the Executive will have access to certain trade secrets and confidential information relating to the Company, its directors, officers, members, shareholders, investors, affiliates, partners and any parents, subsidiaries or other affiliates of the Company (the "Protected Parties") which is not readily available from sources outside the Company. The confidential and proprietary information and in any material respect, trade secrets of the Protected Parties are among their most valuable assets, including but not limited to, their customer, supplier and vendor lists, databases, competitive strategies, computer programs, frameworks, or models, their marketing programs, their sales, financial, marketing, training and technical information, their product development (and proprietary product data) and any other information, whether communicated orally, electronically, in writing or in other tangible forms concerning how the Protected Parties create, develop, acquire or maintain their products and marketing plans, target their potential customers and operate their retail and other businesses. The Protected Parties invested, and continue to invest, considerable amounts of time and money in their process, technology, know-how, obtaining and developing the goodwill of their customers, their other external relationships, their data systems and data bases, and all the information described above (hereinafter collectively referred to as ''Confidential Information"), and any misappropriation or unauthorized disclosure of Confidential Information in any form would irreparably harm the Protected Parties. The Executive acknowledges that such Confidential information constitutes valuable, highly confidential, special and unique property of the Protected Parties. The Executive shall hold in a fiduciary capacity for the benefit or the Protected Parties all Confidential information relating to the Protected Parties and their businesses, which shall have been obtained by the Executive during the Executive's employment by the Company or its subsidiaries and which shall not be or become public knowledge (other than by acts by the Executive or representatives of the Executive in violation of this Agreement). Except as required by law or an order of a court or governmental agency with jurisdiction, the Executive shall not, during the period the Executive is employed by the Company or its subsidiaries or at any time thereafter, disclose any Confidential Information, directly or indirectly, to any person or entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, nor shall the Executive use it in any way, except in the course of the Executive's employment with, and for the benefit of, the Protected Parties or to enforce any rights or defend any claims
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hereunder or under any other agreement to which the Executive is a party, provided that such disclosure is relevant to the enforcement of such rights or defense of such claims and is only disclosed in the formal proceedings related thereto. The Executive shall take all reasonable steps to safeguard the Confidential Information and to protect it against disclose, misuse, espionage, loss and theft. The Executive understands and agrees that the Executive shall acquire no rights to any such Confidential Information.

(b)All files, records, documents, drawings, specifications, data, computer programs, evaluation mechanisms and analytics and similar items relating thereto or to the Business (for the purposes of this Agreement. "Business" shall be as defined in Section 6.3 hereof), as well as all customer lists, specific customer information, compilations of product research and marketing techniques of the Company and its subsidiaries, and, if applicable, the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries, whether prepared by the Executive or otherwise coming into the Executive's possession, shall remain the exclusive property of the Company and its subsidiaries and, if applicable, the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries, and the Executive shall not remove any such items from the premises of the Company and its subsidiaries, and, if applicable, the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries, except in furtherance of the Executive's duties under any employment agreement.

(c)It is understood that while employed by the Company or its subsidiaries, the Executive will promptly disclose to it, and assign to it the Executive's interest in any invention, improvement or discovery made or conceived by the Executive, either alone or jointly with others, which arises out of the Executives employment. At the Company's request and expense, the Executive will assist the Company and its subsidiaries and, if applicable, the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries, during the period of the Executive's employment by the Company or its subsidiaries and, if applicable, the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries, and thereafter in connection with any controversy or legal proceeding relating to such invention, improvement or discovery and in obtaining domestic and foreign patent or other protection covering the same.

(d)As requested by the Company and at the Company's expense, from time to time and upon the termination of the Executive's employment with the Company for any reason, the Executive will promptly deliver to the Company and its subsidiaries and, if applicable, the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries, all copies and embodiments, in whatever form, of all Confidential Information in the Executive's possession or within his control (including, but not limited to, memoranda, records, notes, plans, photographs, manuals, notebooks, documentation, program listings, flow charts, magnetic media, disks, diskettes, tapes and all other materials containing any Confidential information) irrespective of the location or form of such material. If requested by the Company, the Executive will provide the Company with written confirmation that all such materials have been delivered to the Company as provided herein.

6.3No-Solicitation. During the Term, any extended employment period thereafter and for a period of twenty-four (24) months following the termination of the Executive's employment for any reason, the Executive: (a) shall not directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit or induce, directly or indirectly, any party who is a customer of the Company, or who was a customer of the Company or its subsidiaries at any time during the twelve (12) month period immediately prior to the date the Executive’s employment terminates, for the purpose of marketing, selling or providing to any such party ay services
6


or products offered by or available from the Company or its subsidiaries (provided that if the Executive intends to solicit any such party for any other purpose, he shall notify the Company of such intention and receive prior written approval from the Company), (b) shall not directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit or induce, directly or indirectly, any supplier to Company or any subsidiary to terminate, reduce or alter negatively its relationship with the Company or any subsidiary or in any manner interfere with any agreement or contract between the Company or any subsidiary and such supplier or (c) shall not, either directly, or on behalf of any other person or any entity in competition with the Business of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, hire, offer employment to, or otherwise directly, or indirectly, solicit or attempt to solicit or induce, directly or indirectly the employment of any employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries or any person who was an employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries during the twelve (12) month period immediately prior to the date the Executive's employment terminates to terminate such employee's employment relationship with the Protected Parties.

6.4Non-Competition. During the Term, any extended employment period thereafter and for a period of twenty-four (24) months following the termination of Executive's employment by the Company (for any reason), the Executive shall not, whether individually, as a director, manager, member, stockholder, partner, owner, employee, consultant or agent of any business, or in any other capacity, other than on behalf of the Company or a subsidiary, organize, establish, own, operate, manage, control, engage in, participate in, invests in, permit his name to be used by, act as a consultant or advisor to, render services for (alone or in association with any person, firm, corporation or business organization), or otherwise assist any person or entity that engages in or owns, invests in, operates, manages or controls any venture or enterprise which engages or proposes to engage in any business conducted by the Company or any of its subsidiaries on the date of the Executive's termination of employment or within twelve (12) months of the Executive's termination of employment in the United States (the "Business"). Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Agreement shall prevent the Executive from owning for passive investment purposes not intended to circumvent this Agreement, less than five percent (5%) of the publicly traded common equity securities of any company engaged in the Business (so long as the Executive has no power to manage, operate, advise, consult with or control the competing enterprise and no power, alone or in conjunction with other affiliated parties, to select a director, manage, general partner, or similar governing official of the competing enterprise other than in connection with the normal and customary voting powers afforded the Executive in connection with any permissible equity ownership).

6.5Property. The Executive acknowledges that all originals and copies of materials, records and documents generated by him or coming into his possession during his employment by the Company or its subsidiaries or, if applicable, the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries are the sole property or the Company and its subsidiaries or, if applicable, the affiliates or the Company and their subsidiaries (''Company Property"). During the Term, and at all times thereafter, the Executive shall not remove, or cause to be removed, from the premises of the Company or its subsidiaries or, if applicable, the affiliates of the Company and their subsidiaries, copies of any record, file, memorandum, document, computer related information or equipment, or any other item relating to the Business, except in furtherance of his duties under the Agreement. When the Executive's employment with the Company terminates, or upon request of the Company at any time, the Executive shall promptly deliver to the Company all copies of Company Property in his possession or control.
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7Remedies; Specific Performance. The Parties acknowledge and agree that the Executive's breach or threatened breach of any of the restrictions set forth in Section 5.5 and Section 6 will result in irreparable and continuing damage to the Protected Parties for which there may be no adequate remedy at law and that the Protected Parties shall be entitled to equitable relief, including specific performance and injunctive relief as remedies for any such breach or threatened or attempted breach. The Executive hereby consents to the grant of an injunction (temporary or otherwise) against the Executive or the entry of any other court order against the Executive prohibiting and enjoining him from violating, or directing him to comply with any provision of Section 5.4 and Section 6. The Executive also agrees that such remedies shall be in addition to any and all remedies, including damages, available to the Protected Parties against him for such breaches or threatened or attempted breaches. In addition, without limiting the Protected Parties' remedies for any breach of any restriction on the Executive set forth in Section 5.5 and Section 6, except as required by law, the Executive shall not be entitled to any payments set forth in Section 5.2 hereof if the Executive has breached the covenants applicable to the Executive contained in Section 5.5 or Section 6, the Executive will immediately return to the Protected Parties any such payments previously received under Section 5.2 and Section 5.3 upon such a breach, and in the event of such breach, the Protected Parties will have no obligation to pay any of the amounts that remain payable by the Company under Section 5.2 or Section 5.3.

8Indemnification. The Company agrees, to the extent permitted by applicable law and its organizational documents, to indemnify, defend and hold harmless the Executive from and against any and all losses, suits, actions, causes of action, judgments, damages, liabilities, penalties, fines, costs or claims of any kind or nature (''Indemnified Claim''), including reasonable legal fees and related costs incurred by Executive in connection with the preparation for or defense of any indemnified Claim, whether or not resulting in any liability, to which Executive may become subject or liable or which may be incurred by or assessed against Executive, relating to or arising out of his employment by the Company or the services to be performed pursuant to this Agreement, provided that the Company shall only defend, but not indemnify or hold Executive harmless, from and against an indemnified Claim in the event there is a final, non-appealable, determination that Executive's liability with respect to such indemnified Claim resulted from Executive's willful misconduct or gross negligence. The Company's obligations under this section shall be in addition to any other right, remedy or indemnification which Executive may have or be entitled to at common law or otherwise.

9Other Provisions.
9.2Notices. Any notice or other communication required or which may be given hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered personally, telegraphed, telexed, sent by facsimile transmission or sent by certified, registered or express mail, postage prepaid or overnight mail and shall be deemed given when so delivered personally, telegraphed, telexed, or sent by facsimile transmission or, if mailed, four (4) days after the date of mailing or one (1) day after overnight mail, as follows:
(a)If the Company, to:

Blue Bird Corporation
3920 Arkwright Road
Suite 200
Macon. GA 31210 Attention: Ted Scartz Telephone: (478) 672-1161
Email: Ted.Scartz@Blue-Bird.com

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(b) If the Executive, to the Executive's home address reflected in the Company’s records.

9.3Entire Agreement. This Agreement contains the entire agreement between the Parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements, written or oral, with respect thereto.

9.4Representations and Warranties by Executive. The Executive represents and warrants that he is not a party to or subject to any restrictive covenants, legal restrictions or other agreements in favor of any entity or person which would in any way preclude, inhibit, impair or limit the Executive's ability to perform his obligations under this Agreement, including, but not limited to, non-competition agreements, non­ solicitation agreements or confidentiality agreements.

9.5Waiver and Amendments. This Agreement may be amended, modified, superseded, canceled, renewed or extended, and the terms and conditions hereof may be waived, only by a written instrument signed by the Parties or, in the case of a waiver, by the patty waiving compliance. No delay on the part of any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof, nor shall any waiver on the part of any right, power or privilege hereunder, nor any single or partial exercise of any right, power or privilege hereunder, preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege hereunder.

9.6Governing Law, Dispute Resolution and Venue.
(a)This Agreement shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Georgia, without regard to conflicts of laws principles.

(b)The Parties agree irrevocably to submit to the exclusive jurisdiction of the federal courts or, if no federal jurisdiction exists, the state courts, located in Macon, Georgia, for the purposes of any suit, action or other proceeding brought by any party arising out of any breach of any of the provisions of this Agreement and hereby waive, and agree not to assert by way of motion. as a defense or otherwise. in any such suit, action, or proceeding. any claim that it is not personally subject to the jurisdiction of the above­ named courts, that the suit, action or proceeding is brought in an inconvenient forum, that the venue of the suit, action or proceeding is improper, or that the provisions of this Agreement may not be enforced in or by such courts.
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(c)THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY WAIVE, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LITIGATION IN ANY COURT WITH RESPECT TO, IN CONNECTION WITH, OR ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR THE VALIDITY, INTERPRETATION OR ENFORCEMENT HEREOF. THE PARTIES HERETO AGREE THAT THIS SECTION IS A SPECIFIC AND MATERIAL ASPECT OF THIS AGREEMENT AND WOULD NOT ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT IF THIS SECTION WERE NOT PART OF THIS AGREEMENT.

9.7Section 409A

9.7.1The parties agree that this Agreement shall be interpreted to comply with or be exempt from Section 409A or the Internal Revenue Code or 1986, as amended, and the Treasury regulations and guidance promulgated thereunder (collectively "Code Section 409A"), and all provisions of this Agreement shall be construed in a manner consistent with the requirements for avoiding taxes or penalties under Code Section 409A. In no event whatsoever will the Company be liable for any additional tax, interest or penalties that may be imposed on the Executive under Code Section 409A or any damages for failing to comply with Code Section 409A.

9.7.2A termination of employment shall not be deemed to have occurred for purposes of any provision of this Agreement providing for the payment of any amounts or benefits considered "nonqualified deferred compensation" under Code Section 409A upon or following a termination of employment unless such termination is also a "separation from service" within the meaning of Code Section 409A and, for purposes or any such provision of this Agreement. references to a "termination,'' "termination of employment'' or like terms shall mean "separation from service." If the Executive is deemed on the date of termination to be a "specified employee" within the meaning of that term under Code Section 409A(a)(2)(B), then with regard 10 any payment or the provision or any benefit that is considered nonqualified deferred compensation under Code Section 409A payable on account of a '·separation from service," such payment or benefit shall be made or provided at the date which is the earlier of (i) the expiration of the six (6)-month period measured from the date of such "separation from service" of the Executive, and (ii) the date of the Executive's death (the "Delay Period''). Upon the expiration of the Delay Period, all payments and benefits delayed pursuant to this Subsection 11(b) (whether they would have otherwise been payable in a single sum or in installments in the absence of such delay) shall be paid or reimbursed on the first business day following the expiration of the Delay Period to the Executive in a lump sum and any remaining payments and benefits due under this Agreement shall be paid or provided in accordance with the normal payment dates specified for them herein.

9.7.3With regard to any provision herein that provides for reimbursement of costs and expenses or in-kind benefits, except as permitted by Code Section 409A, (i) the right to reimbursement or in-kind benefits shall not be subject 10 liquidation or exchange for another benefit, (ii) the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement, or in-kind benefits, provided during any taxable year shall not affect the expenses eligible for reimbursement, or in-kind benefits, to be provided in any other taxable year, and (iii) such payments shall be made on or before the
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last day of the Executive's taxable year following the taxable year in which the expense occurred. For purposes of Code Section 409A. the Executive's right to receive any installment payments pursuant to this Agreement shall be treated as a right to receive a series of separate and distinct payments. Whenever a payment under this Agreement specifies a payment period with reference to a number of days (e.g. ·'payment shall be made within thirty (30) days following the date of termination"). the actual date of payment within the specified period shall be within the sole discretion of the Company.

9.8Counterparts. This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original but all of which shall constitute one and the same instrument.

9.8.1Headings. The headings in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the meaning of terms contained herein.

9.9Severability. If any term, provision, covenant or restriction of this Agreement, or any part thereof, is held by a court of competent jurisdiction or any foreign, federal, state, county or local government or any other governmental, regulatory or administrative agency or authority lo be invalid, void, unenforceable or against public policy for any reason, the remainder of the terms, provisions, covenants and restrictions of this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and shall in no way be affected or impaired or invalidated. The Executive acknowledges that the restrictive covenants contained in Section 6 are a condition of this Agreement and arc reasonable and valid in temporal scope and in all other respects.

9.10 Judicial Modification. If any court determines that any of the covenants in Section 6, or any part of any of them, is invalid or unenforceable, the remainder of such covenants and parts thereof shall not thereby be affected and shall be given full effect, without regard to the invalid portion. If any court determines that any of such covenants, or any part thereof, is invalid or unenforceable because of the geographic or temporal scope of such provision. such court shall reduce such scope to the minimum extent necessary to make such covenants valid and enforceable.

9.11 Tax Withholding. The Company or other payor is authorized to withhold from any benefit provided or payment due hereunder, the amount of withholding taxes due any federal, state or local authority in respect of such benefit or payment and to take such other action as may be necessary in the opinion of the Board or its designee to satisfy all obligations for the payment of such withholding taxes.




[Signature Page to Follow]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF. the Parties hereto. intending to be legally bound hereby. have executed this Agreement as of the day and year first above mentioned.

Executive:
/s/ Jeff Sanfrey
Jeff Sanfrey
1/20/2026
Date

Blue Bird Body Company
By:
/s/ John Wyskiel
Name:
John Wyskiel
Title
President & CEO





Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a)
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, John Wyskiel, the Chief Executive Officer of Blue Bird Corporation (the “registrant”), certify that:
(1) I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Blue Bird Corporation;
(2) Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
(3) Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
(4) The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report, based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

(5) The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Dated:May 6, 2026/s/ John Wyskiel
John Wyskiel
President & Chief Executive Officer



Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT RULES 13a-14(a) AND 15d-14(a)
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Razvan Radulescu, the Chief Financial Officer of Blue Bird Corporation (the “registrant”), certify that:
(1) I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Blue Bird Corporation;
(2) Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
(3) Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
(4) The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report, based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

(5) The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

                            
Dated:May 6, 2026 /s/ Razvan Radulescu
Razvan Radulescu
Chief Financial Officer


Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO
SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the quarterly report of Blue Bird Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 28, 2026, as filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), the undersigned, John Wyskiel, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Razvan Radulescu, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, do hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)    The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

(2)    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.





Dated:May 6, 2026/s/ John Wyskiel
John Wyskiel
President & Chief Executive Officer
Dated:May 6, 2026 /s/ Razvan Radulescu
Razvan Radulescu
Chief Financial Officer