Item 2. MANAGEMENT’ S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following should be read in conjunction with Champion Homes, Inc.’s condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes that appear in Item 1 of this Report.
Overview
Champion Homes, Inc., formerly known as Skyline Champion Corporation (the “Company”), is a leading producer of factory-built housing in the U.S. and Canada. The Company serves as a complete solutions provider across complementary and vertically integrated businesses including factory-built home manufacturing, company-owned retail locations, construction services, and transportation logistics services. The Company markets its homes under several nationally recognized brand names including Champion Homes, Genesis Homes, Skyline Homes, Regional Homes, Athens Park Models, Dutch Housing, Atlantic Homes, Excel Homes, Homes of Merit, New Era, J. Redman Homes, ScotBilt Homes, Shore Park, Silvercrest, and Titan Homes in the U.S., and Moduline and SRI Homes in western Canada. The Company operates 42 manufacturing facilities throughout the U.S. and four manufacturing facilities in western Canada that primarily construct factory-built, timber-framed, manufactured and modular houses that are sold primarily to independent retailers, builders/developers, and manufactured home community operators. The Company’s retail operations consist of 83 sales centers that sell manufactured homes to consumers across the U.S. The Company’s transportation business engages independent owners/drivers to transport manufactured homes, recreational vehicles, and other products throughout the U.S. and Canada.
Acquisitions, Expansions and Consolidations
The Company is focused on operational improvements to increase capacity utilization and profitability at its existing manufacturing facilities as well as measured expansion of its manufacturing and retail footprint through facility and equipment investments and acquisitions. Those investments will help improve the Company's ability to satisfy demand for affordable housing. During fiscal 2023, robust demand for housing began to slow as inflation and higher interest rates made housing less affordable. That economic environment drove an even greater need for attainable housing solutions. As a result, the Company continues to focus on growing in strong housing markets across the U.S. and Canada, as well as expanding products and services to provide more holistic and affordable solutions to homebuyers.
In May 2025, the Company acquired Iseman Homes which operated 10 retail sales centers across the North Central U.S. This acquisition enhances the Company's ability to strengthen distribution from its nearby manufacturing facilities, furthering the Company’s commitment to integrated growth. In October 2023, the Company acquired Regional Homes, which operated three manufacturing facilities in Alabama and 44 retail sales centers across the Southeast U.S. Regional Homes' strong presence in large HUD markets expanded our captive retail and manufacturing distribution in that region.
In addition to those acquisitions, the Company is also focused on enhancing its U.S. manufacturing production capacity, as well as redeployment of capital and resources through strategic actions at specific plants. During the first half of fiscal 2026, the Company idled production at the Bartow, Florida manufacturing plant and ceased operations at the Kelowna, British Columbia manufacturing plant. The Company believes those actions will ultimately lead to greater operating efficiency and profitability. In addition, the Company sold a previously idled manufacturing facility during the second quarter of fiscal 2026. The Company continues to own six idle manufacturing facilities that could be used for further manufacturing capacity expansion in future periods.
During fiscal 2024, the Company made an equity investment in ECN. The investment, in part, facilitated the creation of a captive finance company in partnership with Triad, a subsidiary of ECN. The captive finance company, Champion Financing, through Triad, provides factory-built home floor plan and consumer loans to manufactured home retailers and homebuyers. The Company believes this offering will provide customers needed financing solutions and improve the Company's market share. On November 13, 2025, ECN entered into a definitive arrangement to be acquired by a private investor group for CAD $3.10 per share, plus any accrued but unpaid dividends. The agreement, which was approved by ECN shareholders in January 2026, is subject to court approval and other customary closing conditions and is expected to close in the first half of fiscal 2027, which will result in the liquidation of the Company's investment in ECN common and preferred shares.
The Company's acquisitions, investments and plant consolidation are part of a strategy to grow and diversify revenue with a focus on increasing the Company’s homebuilding presence in the U.S. as well as improving the results of operations through streamlining production of similar product categories. These acquisitions and investments are included in the Company's consolidated results for periods subsequent to their respective acquisition dates.
Industry and Company Outlook
The need for newly built affordable, single-family housing has continued to drive demand for new homes in the U.S. and Canadian markets. In recent years, manufactured home construction experienced revenue growth due to a number of favorable demographic trends and demand drivers in the United States, including underlying growth trends in key homebuyer groups, such as the population over 55 years of age, the population of first-time home buyers, and the population of households earning less than $60,000 per year.
The Company's manufacturing backlog decreased to $266.0 million as of December 27, 2025 compared to $312.6 million as of December 28, 2024. The decrease in backlog is a function of production rates exceeding order rates during the three months ended December 27, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior last year.
For the nine months ended December 27, 2025, approximately 86.7% of the Company’s U.S. manufacturing sales were generated from the manufacture of homes that comply with the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development ("HUD") code construction standard in the U.S. Industry shipments of HUD-code homes are reported on a one-month lag. According to data reported by the Manufactured Housing Institute, HUD-code industry home shipments were 69,757 and 71,968 units during the eight months ended November 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Based on industry data, the Company’s U.S. wholesale market share of HUD code homes sold was 22.5% and 22.2%, for the eight months ended November 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Annual HUD-code industry shipments have generally increased since calendar year 2009 when only 50,000 HUD-coded manufactured homes were shipped, the lowest level since the industry began recording statistics in 1959. While shipments of HUD-coded manufactured homes have improved modestly in recent years, current manufactured housing shipments are still at lower levels than the long-term historical average of over 200,000 units per year. Manufactured home sales represent approximately 9% of all U.S. single family home starts. Our estimated market share in the U.S. total housing market, based on data through October 2025, was approximately 2.8% and 2.5% for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024, respectively.
UNAUD
ITED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THIRD QUARTER OF FISCAL 2026 VS. 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
Income Statements Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
|
$ |
656,614 |
|
|
$ |
644,925 |
|
Cost of sales |
|
|
484,421 |
|
|
|
463,903 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
172,193 |
|
|
|
181,022 |
|
Selling, general, and administrative expenses |
|
|
109,727 |
|
|
|
108,214 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
62,466 |
|
|
|
72,808 |
|
Interest (income), net |
|
|
(3,779 |
) |
|
|
(3,991 |
) |
Other (income) |
|
|
(1,221 |
) |
|
|
(2,158 |
) |
Income before income taxes |
|
|
67,466 |
|
|
|
78,957 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
|
12,375 |
|
|
|
16,698 |
|
Net income before equity in net (income) of affiliates |
|
|
55,091 |
|
|
|
62,259 |
|
Equity in net (income) of affiliates |
|
|
(913 |
) |
|
|
(568 |
) |
Net income |
|
$ |
56,004 |
|
|
$ |
62,827 |
|
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest |
|
|
1,668 |
|
|
|
1,290 |
|
Net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc. |
|
$ |
54,336 |
|
|
$ |
61,537 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc. |
|
$ |
54,336 |
|
|
$ |
61,537 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
|
12,375 |
|
|
|
16,698 |
|
Interest (income), net |
|
|
(3,779 |
) |
|
|
(3,991 |
) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
12,265 |
|
|
|
10,673 |
|
Equity in net (income) of ECN |
|
|
(1,176 |
) |
|
|
(656 |
) |
Transaction costs |
|
|
438 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Other |
|
|
319 |
|
|
|
(1,000 |
) |
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
$ |
74,778 |
|
|
$ |
83,261 |
|
As a percent of net sales: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
|
26.2 |
% |
|
|
28.1 |
% |
Selling, general, and administrative expenses |
|
|
16.7 |
% |
|
|
16.8 |
% |
Operating income |
|
|
9.5 |
% |
|
|
11.3 |
% |
Net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc. |
|
|
8.3 |
% |
|
|
9.5 |
% |
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
|
11.4 |
% |
|
|
12.9 |
% |
NET SALES
The following table summarizes net sales for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Net sales |
|
$ |
656,614 |
|
|
$ |
644,925 |
|
|
$ |
11,689 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
% |
U.S. manufacturing and retail net sales |
|
$ |
622,364 |
|
|
$ |
610,757 |
|
|
$ |
11,607 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
% |
U.S. homes sold |
|
|
6,270 |
|
|
|
6,437 |
|
|
|
(167 |
) |
|
|
(2.6 |
%) |
U.S. manufacturing and retail average home selling price |
|
$ |
99.3 |
|
|
$ |
94.9 |
|
|
$ |
4.4 |
|
|
|
4.6 |
% |
Canadian manufacturing net sales |
|
$ |
25,790 |
|
|
$ |
25,692 |
|
|
$ |
98 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
% |
Canadian homes sold |
|
|
215 |
|
|
|
209 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
2.9 |
% |
Canadian manufacturing average home selling price |
|
$ |
120.0 |
|
|
$ |
122.9 |
|
|
$ |
(2.9 |
) |
|
|
(2.4 |
%) |
Corporate/Other net sales |
|
$ |
8,460 |
|
|
$ |
8,476 |
|
|
$ |
(16 |
) |
|
|
(0.2 |
%) |
U.S. manufacturing facilities in operation at end of period |
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. retail sales centers in operation at end of period |
|
|
83 |
|
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Canadian manufacturing facilities in operation at end of period |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales for the three months ended December 27, 2025 were $656.6 million, an increase of $11.7 million, or 1.8%, compared to the three months ended December 28, 2024. The following is a summary of the change by operating segment.
U.S. Factory-built Housing:
Net sales for the Company’s U.S. manufacturing and retail operations increased by $11.6 million, or 1.9%, for the three months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the three months ended December 28, 2024. The increase was due to a 4.6% increase in the average selling price per new home partially offset by a 2.6% decrease in new homes sold. The increase in average selling price was due primarily to a shift in mix to more multi-wide units and increased pricing at our company-owned retail sales centers. The decrease in new homes sold was due to lower production.
Canadian Factory-built Housing:
The Canadian Factory-built Housing segment net sales increased by $0.1 million, or 0.4% for the three months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 2.9% increase in homes sold offset by a 2.4% decrease in average home selling price. The increase in homes sold was due to higher demand in certain markets. The decrease in average selling price was due to product mix. On a constant currency basis, net sales for the Canadian segment were unfavorably impacted by approximately $0.4 million due to fluctuations in the translation of the Canadian dollar to the U.S. dollar during the three months ended December 27, 2025 as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year.
Corporate/Other:
Net sales for Corporate/Other includes the Company’s transportation business, financing activities, and the elimination of intersegment sales. Net sales were consistent for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024.
GROSS PROFIT
The following table summarizes gross profit for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Gross profit: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Factory-built Housing |
|
$ |
158,111 |
|
|
$ |
167,507 |
|
|
$ |
(9,396 |
) |
|
|
(5.6 |
%) |
Canadian Factory-built Housing |
|
|
6,881 |
|
|
|
6,781 |
|
|
|
100 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
% |
Corporate/Other |
|
|
7,201 |
|
|
|
6,734 |
|
|
|
467 |
|
|
|
6.9 |
% |
Total gross profit |
|
$ |
172,193 |
|
|
$ |
181,022 |
|
|
$ |
(8,829 |
) |
|
|
(4.9 |
%) |
Gross profit as a percent of net sales |
|
|
26.2 |
% |
|
|
28.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit as a percent of sales during the three months ended December 27, 2025 was 26.2% compared to 28.1% during the three months ended December 28, 2024. The following is a summary of the change by operating segment.
U.S. Factory-built Housing:
Gross profit for the U.S. Factory-built Housing segment decreased by $9.4 million, or 5.6%, during the three months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Gross profit was 25.4% as a percent of segment net sales for the three months ended December 27, 2025, compared to 27.4% for the three months ended December 28, 2024. The decrease in gross profit as a percent of segment net sales is being driven by higher manufacturing material costs and less absorption of fixed costs due to lower sales volumes, partially offset by higher average selling prices on new homes sold through our Company-owned retail locations.
Canadian Factory-built Housing:
Gross profit for the Canadian Factory-built Housing segment increased by $0.1 million, or 1.5%, during the three months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Gross profit as a percent of net sales was 26.7% for the three months ended December 27, 2025, compared to 26.4% in the same period of the prior year.
Corporate/Other:
Gross profit for the Corporate/Other segment increased $0.5 million, or 6.9%, during the three months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year due primarily to increased operating activity at Champion Financing.
SELLING, GENERAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
Selling, general, and administrative expenses include in part costs that are not directly attributable to the manufacture or resale of our products, including foreign currency transaction gains and losses, equity compensation, and intangible amortization expense. The following table summarizes selling, general, and administrative expenses for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Selling, general, and administrative expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Factory-built Housing |
|
$ |
82,739 |
|
|
$ |
80,121 |
|
|
$ |
2,618 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
% |
Canadian Factory-built Housing |
|
|
2,779 |
|
|
|
2,670 |
|
|
|
109 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
% |
Corporate/Other |
|
|
24,209 |
|
|
|
25,423 |
|
|
|
(1,214 |
) |
|
|
(4.8 |
%) |
Total selling, general, and administrative expenses |
|
$ |
109,727 |
|
|
$ |
108,214 |
|
|
$ |
1,513 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
% |
Selling, general, and administrative expense as a percent of net sales |
|
|
16.7 |
% |
|
|
16.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general, and administrative expenses were $109.7 million for the three months ended December 27, 2025, an increase of $1.5 million, or 1.4%, compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The following is a summary of the change by operating segment.
U.S. Factory-built Housing:
Selling, general, and administrative expenses for the U.S. Factory-built Housing segment increased $2.6 million, or 3.3%, during the three months ended December 27, 2025 as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. SG&A as a percent of segment net sales increased to 13.3% for the three months ended December 27, 2025 compared to 13.1% during the comparable period of the prior fiscal year. The increase in SG&A was due to the inclusion of Iseman Homes for the period subsequent to the acquisition.
Canadian Factory-built Housing:
Selling, general, and administrative expenses for the Canadian Factory-built Housing segment increased $0.1 million, or 4.1%, for the three months ended December 27, 2025 when compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. Selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percent of segment net sales increased to 10.8% for the three months ended December 27, 2025 compared to 10.4% during the comparable period of the prior fiscal year.
Corporate/Other:
Selling, general, and administrative expenses for Corporate/Other includes the Company’s transportation operations, corporate costs incurred for all segments, and intersegment eliminations. Selling, general, and administrative expenses for Corporate/Other decreased $1.2 million, or 4.8%, during the three months ended December 27, 2025 as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. The decrease was primarily due to lower IT costs, partially offset by higher professional fees.
INTEREST INCOME, NET
The following table summarizes the components of interest income, net for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Interest income |
|
$ |
6,166 |
|
|
$ |
6,090 |
|
|
$ |
76 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
% |
Less: interest expense |
|
|
(2,387 |
) |
|
|
(2,099 |
) |
|
|
(288 |
) |
|
|
13.7 |
% |
Interest income, net |
|
$ |
3,779 |
|
|
$ |
3,991 |
|
|
$ |
(212 |
) |
|
|
(5.3 |
%) |
Average outstanding floor plan payable |
|
$ |
97,113 |
|
|
$ |
87,088 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average outstanding long-term debt |
|
$ |
23,931 |
|
|
$ |
24,693 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average cash balance |
|
$ |
639,249 |
|
|
$ |
575,992 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income, net was $3.8 million for the three months ended December 27, 2025, compared to $4.0 million in the same period of the prior fiscal year. The change was primarily due to higher outstanding floor plan payables, partially offset by higher invested cash balances at lower interest rates.
OTHER INCOME
The following table summarizes other income for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Other income |
|
$ |
1,221 |
|
|
$ |
2,158 |
|
|
$ |
(937 |
) |
|
|
(43.4 |
%) |
Other income for the three months ended December 27, 2025 represents dividend income of $1.2 million from the investment in ECN Preferred Shares. Other income for the three months ended December 28, 2024 represents dividend income of $1.2 million from the investment in ECN Preferred Shares and $1.0 million of insurance proceeds for the partial settlement of certain of the predecessor Company's pre-2010 workers compensation claims.
INCOME TAX EXPENSE
The following table summarizes income tax expense for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Income tax expense |
|
$ |
12,375 |
|
|
$ |
16,698 |
|
|
$ |
(4,323 |
) |
|
|
(25.9 |
%) |
Effective tax rate |
|
|
18.3 |
% |
|
|
21.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense for the three months ended December 27, 2025 was $12.4 million, representing an effective tax rate of 18.3%, compared to income tax expense of $16.7 million, representing an effective tax rate of 21.1% for the three months ended December 28, 2024. The effective tax rate for the three months ended December 27, 2025 was positively impacted by an increase in recognition of tax credits related to the sale of energy efficient homes.
The Company’s effective tax rate for each of the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024, differs from the federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0% due primarily to the effect of state and local income taxes, non-deductible expenses, tax credits, and results in foreign jurisdictions.
EQUITY IN NET INCOME OF AFFILIATES
The following table summarizes equity in net income of affiliates for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Equity in net income of affiliates |
|
$ |
913 |
|
|
$ |
568 |
|
|
$ |
345 |
|
|
|
60.7 |
% |
The Company's investment in ECN is accounted for under the equity method and the Company’s share of the earnings or losses of ECN are recorded on a three-month lag. Equity in net income of affiliates of $0.9 million for the three months ended December 27, 2025 represents a gain on the equity method investment in ECN of $1.2 million and net losses from other unconsolidated equity method investments of $0.3 million. Equity in net income of affiliates of $0.6 million for the three months ended December 28, 2024 represents a gain on the equity method investment in ECN of $0.7 million and net losses from other equity method investments of $0.1 million.
NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST
The following table summarizes net income attributable to non-controlling interest for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest |
|
$ |
1,668 |
|
|
$ |
1,290 |
|
|
$ |
378 |
|
|
|
29.3 |
% |
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest represents the minority partner's 49% share of the results of operations of Champion Financing.
ADJUSTED EBITDA
The following table reconciles net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc., the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure, to Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc. |
|
$ |
54,336 |
|
|
$ |
61,537 |
|
|
$ |
(7,201 |
) |
|
|
-11.7 |
% |
Income tax expense |
|
|
12,375 |
|
|
|
16,698 |
|
|
|
(4,323 |
) |
|
|
-25.9 |
% |
Interest (income), net |
|
|
(3,779 |
) |
|
|
(3,991 |
) |
|
|
212 |
|
|
|
(5.3 |
%) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
12,265 |
|
|
|
10,673 |
|
|
|
1,592 |
|
|
|
14.9 |
% |
Equity in net (income) of ECN |
|
|
(1,176 |
) |
|
|
(656 |
) |
|
|
(520 |
) |
|
|
79.3 |
% |
Transaction costs |
|
|
438 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
438 |
|
|
* |
|
Other |
|
|
319 |
|
|
|
(1,000 |
) |
|
|
1,319 |
|
|
* |
|
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
$ |
74,778 |
|
|
$ |
83,261 |
|
|
$ |
(8,483 |
) |
|
|
-10.2 |
% |
* indicates that the calculated percentage is not meaningful
Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended December 27, 2025 was $74.8 million, a decrease of $8.5 million from the same period of the prior fiscal year. The decrease is primarily a result of lower operating income as a result of lower gross margins.
UNAUDITED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE FIRST NINE MONTHS OF FISCAL 2026 VS. 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
Income Statements Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales |
|
$ |
2,042,361 |
|
|
$ |
1,889,581 |
|
Cost of sales |
|
|
1,492,406 |
|
|
|
1,378,011 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
549,955 |
|
|
|
511,570 |
|
Selling, general, and administrative expenses |
|
|
334,153 |
|
|
|
316,696 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
215,802 |
|
|
|
194,874 |
|
Interest (income), net |
|
|
(12,349 |
) |
|
|
(12,977 |
) |
Other (income) |
|
|
(2,362 |
) |
|
|
(3,363 |
) |
Income before income taxes |
|
|
230,513 |
|
|
|
211,214 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
|
48,625 |
|
|
|
45,809 |
|
Net income before equity in net (income) loss of affiliates |
|
|
181,888 |
|
|
|
165,405 |
|
Equity in net (income) loss of affiliates |
|
|
(203 |
) |
|
|
1,466 |
|
Net income |
|
$ |
182,091 |
|
|
$ |
163,939 |
|
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest |
|
|
4,869 |
|
|
|
1,874 |
|
Net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc. |
|
$ |
177,222 |
|
|
$ |
162,065 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc. |
|
$ |
177,222 |
|
|
$ |
162,065 |
|
Income tax expense |
|
|
48,625 |
|
|
|
45,809 |
|
Interest (income), net |
|
|
(12,349 |
) |
|
|
(12,977 |
) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
35,825 |
|
|
|
30,796 |
|
Equity in net (income) of ECN |
|
|
(669 |
) |
|
|
(135 |
) |
Change in fair value of contingent consideration |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
7,912 |
|
Plant closure costs |
|
|
5,832 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Gain on sale of idle facility |
|
|
(3,650 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
Transaction costs |
|
|
1,152 |
|
|
|
— |
|
Other |
|
|
319 |
|
|
|
(1,000 |
) |
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
$ |
252,307 |
|
|
$ |
232,470 |
|
As a percent of net sales: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit |
|
|
26.9 |
% |
|
|
27.1 |
% |
Selling, general, and administrative expenses |
|
|
16.4 |
% |
|
|
16.8 |
% |
Operating income |
|
|
10.6 |
% |
|
|
10.3 |
% |
Net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc. |
|
|
8.7 |
% |
|
|
8.6 |
% |
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
|
12.4 |
% |
|
|
12.3 |
% |
NET SALES
The following table summarizes net sales for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Net sales |
|
$ |
2,042,361 |
|
|
$ |
1,889,581 |
|
|
$ |
152,780 |
|
|
|
8.1 |
% |
U.S. manufacturing and retail net sales |
|
$ |
1,933,351 |
|
|
$ |
1,797,417 |
|
|
$ |
135,934 |
|
|
|
7.6 |
% |
U.S. homes sold |
|
|
19,810 |
|
|
|
19,332 |
|
|
|
478 |
|
|
|
2.5 |
% |
U.S. manufacturing and retail average home selling price |
|
$ |
97.6 |
|
|
$ |
93.0 |
|
|
$ |
4.6 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
% |
Canadian manufacturing net sales |
|
$ |
82,028 |
|
|
$ |
68,725 |
|
|
$ |
13,303 |
|
|
|
19.4 |
% |
Canadian homes sold |
|
|
661 |
|
|
|
555 |
|
|
|
106 |
|
|
|
19.1 |
% |
Canadian manufacturing average home selling price |
|
$ |
124.1 |
|
|
$ |
123.8 |
|
|
$ |
0.3 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
% |
Corporate/Other net sales |
|
$ |
26,982 |
|
|
$ |
23,439 |
|
|
$ |
3,543 |
|
|
|
15.1 |
% |
U.S. manufacturing facilities in operation at end of period |
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. retail sales centers in operation at end of period |
|
|
83 |
|
|
|
72 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Canadian manufacturing facilities in operation at end of period |
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net sales for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 were $2.0 billion, an increase of $152.8 million, or 8.1%, compared to the nine months ended December 28, 2024. The following is a summary of the change by operating segment.
U.S. Factory-built Housing:
Net sales for the Company’s U.S. manufacturing and retail operations increased by $135.9 million, or 7.6%, for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the nine months ended December 28, 2024. The increase was due to a 2.5% increase in the number of new homes sold and a 5.0% increase in the average selling price per new home. The increase in the number of homes sold was due to the inclusion of Iseman Homes since May 30, 2025 and a shift in mix of wholesale unit sales sold to independent channels versus homes sold through our company-owned retail sales centers. The increase in average selling price was due primarily to a shift in mix to more multi-wide units and increased pricing at our company-owned retail sales centers.
Canadian Factory-built Housing:
The Canadian Factory-built Housing segment net sales increased by $13.3 million, or 19.4% for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year, primarily due to a 19.1% increase in homes sold. The increase in homes sold is due to higher demand in certain markets. On a constant currency basis, net sales for the Canadian segment were unfavorably impacted by approximately $1.2 million due to fluctuations in the translation of the Canadian dollar to the U.S. dollar during the nine months ended December 27, 2025 as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year.
Corporate/Other:
Net sales for Corporate/Other includes the Company’s transportation business, financing activities and the elimination of intersegment sales. For the nine months ended December 27, 2025, net sales increased $3.5 million, or 15.1%, primarily attributable to increased operating activities in Champion Financing, partially offset by a decrease in recreational vehicle shipments.
GROSS PROFIT
The following table summarizes gross profit for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Gross profit: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Factory-built Housing |
|
$ |
505,268 |
|
|
$ |
478,167 |
|
|
$ |
27,101 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
% |
Canadian Factory-built Housing |
|
|
22,616 |
|
|
|
16,970 |
|
|
|
5,646 |
|
|
|
33.3 |
% |
Corporate/Other |
|
|
22,071 |
|
|
|
16,433 |
|
|
|
5,638 |
|
|
|
34.3 |
% |
Total gross profit |
|
$ |
549,955 |
|
|
$ |
511,570 |
|
|
$ |
38,385 |
|
|
|
7.5 |
% |
Gross profit as a percent of net sales |
|
|
26.9 |
% |
|
|
27.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Gross profit as a percent of sales during the nine months ended December 27, 2025 was 26.9% compared to 27.1% during the nine months ended December 28, 2024. The following is a summary of the change by operating segment.
U.S. Factory-built Housing:
Gross profit for the U.S. Factory-built Housing segment increased by $27.1 million or 5.7%, during the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in gross profit was primarily driven by higher revenue as discussed above. Gross profit was 26.1% as a percent of segment net sales for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to 26.6% in the same period of the prior fiscal year. The decrease in gross profit as a percent of segment net sales is driven primarily by higher manufacturing material costs.
Canadian Factory-built Housing:
Gross profit for the Canadian Factory-built Housing segment increased by $5.6 million, or 33.3% during the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The increase in gross profit is primarily due to higher sales volumes. Gross profit as a percent of net sales was 27.6% for the nine months ended December 27, 2025, compared to 24.7% in the same period of the prior year, primarily the result of increased leverage of fixed manufacturing costs.
Corporate/Other:
Gross profit for the Corporate/Other segment increased $5.6 million, or 34.3%, during the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. Gross profit increased as a result of increased operating activity at Champion Financing.
SELLING, GENERAL, AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES
Selling, general, and administrative expenses include in part costs that are not directly attributable to the manufacture or resale of our products, including foreign currency transaction gains and losses, equity compensation, and intangible amortization expense. The following table summarizes selling, general, and administrative expenses for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Selling, general, and administrative expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
U.S. Factory-built Housing |
|
$ |
253,187 |
|
|
$ |
242,236 |
|
|
$ |
10,951 |
|
|
|
4.5 |
% |
Canadian Factory-built Housing |
|
|
13,694 |
|
|
|
7,886 |
|
|
|
5,808 |
|
|
|
73.6 |
% |
Corporate/Other |
|
|
67,272 |
|
|
|
66,574 |
|
|
|
698 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
% |
Total selling, general, and administrative expenses |
|
$ |
334,153 |
|
|
$ |
316,696 |
|
|
$ |
17,457 |
|
|
|
5.5 |
% |
Selling, general, and administrative expense as a percent of net sales |
|
|
16.4 |
% |
|
|
16.8 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Selling, general, and administrative expenses were $334.2 million for the nine months ended December 27, 2025, an increase of $17.5 million, or 5.5%, compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. The following is a summary of the change by operating segment.
U.S. Factory-built Housing:
Selling, general, and administrative expenses for the U.S. Factory-built Housing segment increased $11.0 million, or 4.5%, during the nine months ended December 27, 2025, as compared to the same period in the prior fiscal year. Selling, general, and administrative expenses, as a percent of segment net sales decreased to 13.1% for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to 13.5% during the comparable period of the prior fiscal year. The increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses was primarily due to higher incentive compensation costs, which are generally based on sales volume or measures of profitability, the inclusion of Iseman Homes, and $1.0 million of costs associated with the idling of the Bartow, Florida plant, partially offset by a $3.7 million gain on the sale of an idle facility in the second quarter of fiscal 2026 and a charge of $7.9 million in the first quarter of fiscal 2025 related to the change in fair value of the contingent consideration included in the acquisition of Regional Homes which did not recur in the current year.
Canadian Factory-built Housing:
Selling, general, and administrative expenses for the Canadian Factory-built Housing segment increased by $5.8 million compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year. Selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percent of segment net sales increased to 16.7% for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to 11.5% during the comparable period of the prior fiscal year. The increases were due to $5.2 million of costs associated with the Kelowna, BC plant closure and higher incentive compensation costs, which are generally based on sales volume or measures of profitability.
Corporate/Other:
Selling, general, and administrative expenses for Corporate/Other includes the Company’s transportation operations, corporate costs incurred for all segments, and intersegment eliminations. Selling, general, and administrative expenses for Corporate/Other were consistent year-over-year, increasing $0.7 million, or 1.0%, during the nine months ended December 27, 2025 as compared to the same period of the prior fiscal year.
INTEREST INCOME, NET
The following table summarizes the components of interest income, net for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Interest income |
|
$ |
18,173 |
|
|
$ |
19,386 |
|
|
$ |
(1,213 |
) |
|
|
(6.3 |
%) |
Less: interest expense |
|
|
(5,824 |
) |
|
|
(6,409 |
) |
|
|
585 |
|
|
|
(9.1 |
%) |
Interest income, net |
|
$ |
12,349 |
|
|
$ |
12,977 |
|
|
$ |
(628 |
) |
|
|
(4.8 |
%) |
Average outstanding floor plan payable |
|
$ |
100,695 |
|
|
$ |
89,742 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average outstanding long-term debt |
|
$ |
24,295 |
|
|
$ |
24,683 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Average cash balance |
|
$ |
635,048 |
|
|
$ |
538,408 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income, net was $12.3 million for the nine months ended December 27, 2025, compared to $13.0 million in the same period of the prior fiscal year. The change was primarily due to lower interest rates on invested cash balances and average floor plan payables.
OTHER INCOME
The following table summarizes other income for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Other income |
|
$ |
2,362 |
|
|
$ |
3,363 |
|
|
$ |
(1,001 |
) |
|
|
(29.8 |
%) |
Other income of $2.4 million for the nine months ended December 27, 2025, represents dividend income from the investment in ECN Preferred Shares. Other income of $3.4 million for the nine months ended December 28, 2024 represents $2.4 million of dividend income from the investment in ECN Preferred Shares and $1.0 million insurance proceeds for the partial settlement of certain of the predecessor Company's pre-2010 workers compensation claims.
INCOME TAX EXPENSE
The following table summarizes income tax expense for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Income tax expense |
|
$ |
48,625 |
|
|
$ |
45,809 |
|
|
$ |
2,816 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
% |
Effective tax rate |
|
|
21.1 |
% |
|
|
21.7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income tax expense for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 was $48.6 million, representing an effective tax rate of 21.1%, compared to income tax expense of $45.8 million, representing an effective tax rate of 21.7% for the nine months ended December 28, 2024.
The Company’s effective tax rates for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024 differ from the federal statutory income tax rate of 21.0% due primarily to the effect of state and local income taxes, non-deductible expenses, tax credits, and results in foreign jurisdictions.
EQUITY IN NET INCOME (LOSS) OF AFFILIATES
The following table summarizes equity in net income (loss) of affiliates for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Equity in net income (loss) of affiliates |
|
$ |
203 |
|
|
$ |
(1,466 |
) |
|
$ |
1,669 |
|
|
|
(113.8 |
%) |
The Company's investment in ECN is accounted for under the equity method and the Company’s share of the earnings or losses of ECN are recorded on a three-month lag. Equity in net income of affiliates of $0.2 million for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 represents a gain on the equity method investment in ECN of $0.7 million and net losses from other unconsolidated affiliates of $0.5 million. Equity in net loss of affiliates of $1.5 million for the nine months ended December 28, 2024 represents a gain on the equity method investment in ECN of $0.1 million and net losses from other unconsolidated affiliates of $1.6 million.
NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST
The following table summarizes non-controlling interest for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest |
|
$ |
4,869 |
|
|
$ |
1,874 |
|
|
$ |
2,995 |
|
|
|
159.8 |
% |
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest represents the minority partner's 49% share of the results of operations of Champion Financing.
ADJUSTED EBITDA
The following table reconciles net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc., the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP measure, to Adjusted EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure, for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
|
$ Change |
|
|
% Change |
|
Net income attributable to Champion Homes, Inc. |
|
$ |
177,222 |
|
|
$ |
162,065 |
|
|
$ |
15,157 |
|
|
|
9.4 |
% |
Income tax expense |
|
|
48,625 |
|
|
|
45,809 |
|
|
|
2,816 |
|
|
|
6.1 |
% |
Interest (income), net |
|
|
(12,349 |
) |
|
|
(12,977 |
) |
|
|
628 |
|
|
|
(4.8 |
%) |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
35,825 |
|
|
|
30,796 |
|
|
|
5,029 |
|
|
|
16.3 |
% |
Equity in net (income) of ECN |
|
|
(669 |
) |
|
|
(135 |
) |
|
|
(534 |
) |
|
* |
|
Change in fair value of contingent consideration |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
7,912 |
|
|
|
(7,912 |
) |
|
* |
|
Plant closure costs |
|
|
5,832 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
5,832 |
|
|
* |
|
Gain on sale of idle facility |
|
|
(3,650 |
) |
|
|
— |
|
|
|
(3,650 |
) |
|
* |
|
Transaction costs |
|
|
1,152 |
|
|
|
— |
|
|
|
1,152 |
|
|
* |
|
Other |
|
|
319 |
|
|
|
(1,000 |
) |
|
|
1,319 |
|
|
* |
|
Adjusted EBITDA |
|
$ |
252,307 |
|
|
$ |
232,470 |
|
|
$ |
19,837 |
|
|
|
8.5 |
% |
* indicates that the calculated percentage is not meaningful
Adjusted EBITDA for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 was $252.3 million, an increase of $19.8 million from the same period of the prior fiscal year. The increase is primarily a result of higher sales volumes and gross profit, partially offset by higher SG&A expenses.
The Company defines Adjusted EBITDA as net income or loss attributable to Champion Homes, Inc. plus expense or minus income: (a) the provision for income taxes; (b) interest, net; (c) depreciation and amortization; (d) gain or loss from discontinued operations; (e) non-cash restructuring charges and impairment of assets; (f) equity in net earnings or losses of ECN; (g) charges related to the remediation of the water intrusion product liability claims; and (h) other non-operating income and costs, including but not limited to those costs for the acquisition and integration or disposition of businesses, including the change in fair value of contingent consideration, and idle facilities. Adjusted EBITDA is not a measure of earnings calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP, and should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, net income or loss, net sales, operating income or earnings per share prepared on a U.S. GAAP basis. Adjusted EBITDA does not purport to represent cash flow provided by, or used in, operating activities as defined by U.S. GAAP, which is presented in the Statement of Cash Flows. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies.
Adjusted EBITDA is presented as a supplemental measure of the Company’s financial performance that management believes is useful to investors, because the excluded items may vary significantly in timing or amounts and/or may obscure trends useful in evaluating and comparing the Company’s operating activities across reporting periods. Management believes Adjusted EBITDA is useful to an investor in evaluating operating performance for the following reasons: (i) Adjusted EBITDA is widely used by investors to measure a company’s operating performance without regard to items such as interest income and expense, taxes, depreciation and amortization and other non-operating income or loss, which can vary substantially from company to company depending upon accounting methods and the book value of assets, capital structure and the method by which assets were acquired; and (ii) analysts and investors use Adjusted EBITDA as a supplemental measure to evaluate the overall operating performance of companies in the industry.
Management uses Adjusted EBITDA for planning purposes, including the preparation of the internal annual operating budget and periodic forecasts: (i) in communications with the Board of Directors and investors concerning financial performance; (ii) as a factor in determining bonuses under certain incentive compensation programs; and (iii) as a measure of operating performance used to determine the ability to provide cash flows to support investments in capital assets, acquisitions and working capital requirements for operating expansion.
BACKLOG
Although orders from customers can be canceled at any time without penalty, and unfilled orders are not necessarily an indication of future business, the Company’s unfilled U.S. and Canadian manufacturing orders at December 27, 2025 totaled $266.0 million compared to $312.6 million at December 28, 2024. The decrease in backlog is a function of production rates exceeding order rates during the three months ended December 27, 2025, compared to the same period in the prior year.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Sources and Uses of Cash
The following table presents summary cash flow information for the three months ended December 27, 2025 and December 28, 2024:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
(Dollars in thousands) |
|
December 27, 2025 |
|
|
December 28, 2024 |
|
Net cash provided by (used in): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating activities |
|
$ |
251,165 |
|
|
$ |
194,852 |
|
Investing activities |
|
|
(45,319 |
) |
|
|
(35,012 |
) |
Financing activities |
|
|
(162,079 |
) |
|
|
(65,854 |
) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents |
|
|
5,653 |
|
|
|
(7,296 |
) |
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
49,420 |
|
|
|
86,690 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
|
|
610,338 |
|
|
|
495,063 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
|
$ |
659,758 |
|
|
$ |
581,753 |
|
The Company’s primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations and existing cash balances. Cash balances and cash flows from operations for the next year are expected to be adequate to cover working capital requirements, capital expenditures, and strategic initiatives and investments. The Company's Second Amended Credit Agreement provides for a $200.0 million revolving credit facility, including a $45.0 million letter of credit sub-facility. At December 27, 2025, $172.5 million was available for borrowing under the Second Amended Credit Agreement. The Company’s revolving credit facility includes (i) a maximum consolidated total net leverage ratio of 3.25 to 1.00, subject to an upward adjustment upon the consummation of a material acquisition, and (ii) a minimum interest coverage ratio of 3.00 to 1.00. The Company anticipates compliance with its debt covenants and projects its level of cash availability to be in excess of cash needed to operate the business for the next year and beyond. In the event operating cash flow and existing cash balances were deemed inadequate to
support the Company’s liquidity needs, and one or more capital resources were to become unavailable, the Company would revise its operating strategies.
Cash provided by operating activities was $251.2 million for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to $194.9 million for the nine months ended December 28, 2024. The increase is primarily driven by higher operating income before non-cash charges and a reduction in inventory at Company-owned retail sales centers during the first nine months of fiscal 2026 as compared to the same period of the prior year.
Cash used in investing activities was $45.3 million for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to $35.0 million for the nine months ended December 28, 2024. The increase in cash used in investing activities was related to the acquisition of Iseman Homes in the first quarter of fiscal 2026, offset in part by a reduction in expenditures for property, plant and equipment.
Cash used in financing activities was $162.1 million for the nine months ended December 27, 2025 compared to $65.9 million for the nine months ended December 28, 2024. The change between periods was primarily a result of an increase in repurchases of the Company's common stock in fiscal 2026. Repurchases totaled $150.0 million in first nine months of fiscal 2026 compared to $60.0 million in the first nine months of fiscal 2025.
Critical Accounting Policies
For a discussion of our critical accounting policies that management believes affect its more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements, see Part II, Item 7 of the Fiscal 2025 Annual Report, under the heading “Critical Accounting Policies.” There have been no significant changes in our significant accounting policies or critical accounting estimates discussed in the Fiscal 2025 Annual Report, other than those included in Note 1, "Basis of Presentation".
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
For information on the impact of recently issued accounting pronouncements, see Note 1, “Basis of Presentation – Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements,” to the condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Report.
Forward-Looking Statements
Some of the statements in this Report are not historical in nature and are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include statements about our expectations regarding our future liquidity, earnings, expenditures, and financial condition. These statements are often identified by the words “will,” “could”, “should,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “hope,” or similar expressions. These statements reflect management’s current views with respect to future events and are subject to risks and uncertainties. There are risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control, that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those in our forward-looking statements, including regional, national and international economic, financial, public health and labor conditions, and the following:
•supply-related issues, including prices and availability of materials;
•changes in U.S trade policies, including tariffs or other trade protection measures;
•inflationary pressures in the North American economy;
•the cyclicality and seasonality of the housing industry and its sensitivity to changes in general economic or other business conditions;
•demand fluctuations in the housing industry, including as a result of actual or anticipated increases in homeowner borrowing rates;
•the possible unavailability of additional capital when needed;
•competition and competitive pressures;
•changes in consumer preferences for our products or our failure to gauge those preferences;
•quality problems, including the quality of parts sourced from suppliers and related liability and reputational issues, including those related to the remediation of the water intrusion claims;
•data security breaches, cybersecurity attacks, and other information technology disruptions;
•the potential disruption of operations caused by the conversion to new information systems;
•the extensive regulation affecting the production and sale of factory-built housing and the effects of possible changes in laws with which we must comply;
•the potential impact of natural disasters on our supply chain, sales and raw material costs;
•the risks associated with mergers and acquisitions, including integration of operations and information systems;
•periodic inventory adjustments by, and changes to relationships with, independent retailers;
•changes in interest and foreign exchange rates;
•insurance coverage and cost issues;
•the possibility that all or part of our intangible assets, including goodwill, might become impaired;
•the possibility that all or part of our investment in ECN Capital Corp. ("ECN") might become impaired;
•the risks relating to the material weakness, including remediation actions, we previously identified in our internal control over financial reporting;
•the possibility that our risk management practices may leave us exposed to unidentified or unanticipated risks;
•the potential disruption to our business caused by public health issues, such as an epidemic or pandemic, and resulting government actions; and
•other risks described in Part I — Item 1A, "Risk Factors," included in the Fiscal 2025 Annual Report, as well as the risks and information provided from time to time in our other periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).
If any of the risks or uncertainties referred to above materializes or if any of the assumptions underlying our forward-looking statements proves to be incorrect, then differences may arise between our forward-looking statements and our actual results, and such differences may be material. Investors should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date of this report. We assume no obligation to update, amend or clarify them to reflect events, new information or circumstances occurring after the date hereof, except as required by law.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
For a discussion of the Company’s interest rate and foreign exchange risks, see Part II, Item 7A of the Fiscal 2025 Annual Report, under the heading "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk." There have been no significant changes in such risks since March 29, 2025.
Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the specified time periods and accumulated and communicated to management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
The Company’s management, with the participation of the CEO and CFO, evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures pursuant to Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act at December 27, 2025. Based upon this evaluation, the CEO and CFO concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of December 27, 2025, due to a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting described below.
Material Weakness
A material weakness is a deficiency, or a combination of deficiencies, in internal control over financial reporting, such that there is a reasonable possibility that a material misstatement of the company’s annual or interim financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. As described in Part II, Item 9A "Controls and Procedures" of our fiscal 2025 Annual Report, management identified a material weakness in internal controls related to ineffective operation of controls in the retail operations of Regional Homes, which the Company acquired in October 2023. This material weakness resulted from insufficiently documented manual controls over the recording of transactions, and the lack of analysis and review related to financial statement accounts. As a result of the material weakness there was a reasonable possibility that the ineffective operating controls could have resulted in a material misstatement in the Company’s consolidated financial statements that would not be detected.
Remediation of Material Weakness
Management has been implementing and continues to implement measures designed to ensure that control deficiencies contributing to the material weakness are remediated such that those controls are designed, implemented, and operating effectively. The remediation actions include (i) improving the retail accounting and information systems to support automated controls, (ii) developing and implementing additional training for control owners concerning the principles and requirements of each control, (iii) hiring and training additional accounting and operating personnel at all levels of the retail operations of Regional Homes; and (iv) increasing corporate oversight and review of controls and processes.
We believe that these actions, when fully implemented, will remediate the material weakness. While many of these actions have been implemented as of December 27, 2025, the material weakness will not be considered remediated until the applicable controls operate for a sufficient period of time and management has concluded, through testing, that these controls are operating effectively. We may also conclude that additional measures may be required to remediate the material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, which may necessitate additional implementation and evaluation time. We will continue to assess the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and take steps to remediate the known material weakness expeditiously.
Changes in internal control over financial reporting
Except for the material weakness and remediation efforts described above, there have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter to which this report relates that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. In the first quarter of fiscal 2026, we completed the acquisition of Iseman Homes and are currently integrating Iseman Homes into our operations, compliance programs and internal control processes. United States Securities and Exchange Commission guidance allows companies to exclude acquisitions from their assessment of the internal control over financial reporting during the first year following an acquisition while integrating the acquired company. We have excluded the acquired operations of Iseman Homes from our assessment of the Company's internal control over financial reporting.